覆盖材料对西瓜光合特性、产量和品质的影响

为筛选出西瓜栽培适宜的覆盖材料,选取白膜、菇渣、液态膜、黑色防草无纺布进行覆盖栽培,综合比较其对西瓜光合特性、产量和品质的影响。结果表明：（1）在所有处理中,黑色防草无纺布的覆盖效果最佳,果实产量、可溶性固形物和Vc含量均极显著高于其他处理,叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)均极显著高于其他处理,胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)极显著高于对照,水汽压亏缺(Vpd)极显著低于其他处理。（2）相关性分析表明,不同覆盖处理的西瓜产量与Pn、Tr和Vpd值呈极显著正相关关系,Pn与Tr值呈极显著正相关关系。试验结果认为,黑色防草无纺布可作为西瓜栽培适宜的覆盖材料。

Effects of Mulching Materials on Photosynthetic Characteristics,Yield and Quality of Watermelon

To select suitable mulching materials for watermelon cultivation, white film, mushroom residue, liquid film and black grass proof non-woven fabric were selected for mulching cultivation, and their effects on photosynthetic characteristics, yield and quality of watermelon were comprehensively compared. The results showed that: (1) in all treatments, the covering effect of black grass proof non-woven fabric was the best, the fruit yield and the contents of soluble solids and Vc were significantly higher than those of other treatments, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) of leaves were significantly higher than those of other treatments, and the intercellular CO₂ concentration (Ci) was significantly higher than that of the control, while the water vapor pressure deficit (Vpd) was significantly lower than that of other treatments; (2) the correlation analysis showed that there was an extremely and significantly positive correlation between watermelon yield and Pn, Tr, Vpd, and between Pn and Tr. In general, the black grass proof non-woven fabric could be used as a suitable mulching material for watermelon cultivation.