基于农艺性状解析乐都长辣椒种质分化情况

为更好地提出保护和开发青海地方蔬菜种质资源乐都长辣椒策略,通过在同样栽培条件下比较分析来自青海不同产区的4个乐都长辣椒品系(LD1、LD2、LD3、LD4)的农艺性状,解析该资源当前的种质分化情况并就此探讨下一步对其保护和利用的对策。结果表明：（1）纯种乐都长辣椒LD1相对于其他3个品系具有良好的综合农艺性状,LD1的农艺性状综合评价最高为0.55,LD2次之为0.54,LD3最低为0.34。（2）供试的乐都长辣椒4个品系间已存在显著的农艺性状变异,种质分化明显,急需提纯复壮和创新改良。它们的单株产量和单果重的变异系数较大,分别为19.61%和19.70%,果肉厚度次之为16.56%,果实纵径变异系数最小为3.08%。（3）乐都长辣椒的产量与单株果数、果肉厚度和单果重呈极显著正相关,辣椒单果重与果肉厚度、商品果横径呈极显著正相关。可优先考虑在增加单株果数、果实横径及果肉厚度等方面着力,以提纯复壮和创新改良乐都长辣椒种质。

Analysis of Germplasm Differentiation of Ledu Long Pepper Based on Agronomic Traits

To protect and develop Qinghai Ledu long pepper, a local vegetable germplasm resource, this study determined the differentiation of four Ledu long pepper strains (LD1, LD2, LD3 and LD4) by comparing the agronomic traits, and explored the steps to protect and utilize the resource. The main findings are summarized as follows: (1) by comprehensive evaluation, the agronomic traits of LD1 are the highest to 0.55, followed by LD2 of 0.54, LD3 of 0.34 is the lowest; (2) the agronomic traits’ variations among the four Ledu long pepper strains are significant, and the germplasm differentiation is obvious, which needs purification, regeneration and innovation urgently; the variation coefficient of the yield per plant and the weight per fruit of different strains of pepper are relatively high, which is 19.61% and 19.70%, respectively, followed by that of the pulp thickness, which is 16.56%, and the fruit longitudinal diameter variation coefficient is the smallest, which is 3.08%; (3) the pepper yield is extremely significantly and positively correlated with the number of fruits per plant, pulp thickness and per fruit weight. The pepper per fruit weight is significantly and positively correlated with the pulp thickness and the transverse diameter of commercial fruits. Therefore, increasing the number of fruits per plant, the fruit transverse diameter and pulp thickness should be considered to improve the germplasm of Ledu long pepper by purification and innovation.