连云港市灌南县葡萄种植气象灾害分析和气候区划

基于连云港灌南葡萄种植区年限2008—2017年17个观测站站点共20年逐旬、逐月、逐年温度、降水、日照资料;1:25万的连云港市基础地理背景数据,运用GIS将1:25万等高线数据转成高分辨率(100 m×100 m)的数字地形模型,运用地理信息系统,层次分析法,通过结合葡萄主要生育期的气候条件,生育期主要发生的气象灾害,采取的防御措施,得出葡萄气候适宜性区划指标,采用GIS技术对葡萄种植进行气候适宜性区划。结果表明：选取4月葡萄萌芽期气温、5月葡萄果树开花期降水量R_m、8月葡萄果实成熟期雨量值R_m作为灌南葡萄气候适宜性研究指标。经专家打分,权重系数分别为0.4、0.4、0.2。把这些指标分别分3个等级,分别是适宜、次适宜和不适宜,确定葡萄商业性栽培的气候生态条件。区划结果表明,灌南县葡萄最适宜栽培气候区,包括中北部地区,主要有张店、北陈集、三口。次适宜区有孟兴庄、汤沟、李集。不适宜种植区新集部分、新安、花园、百禄等南部和东部地区。此研究方法可为连云港各类经济作物安全布局提供参考依据。

Meteorological Disaster Analysis and Climatic Regionalization for Grape Planting in Guannan,Lianyungang

Based on data from 17 observatory stations of Guannan grape planting area in Lianyungang from 2008 to 2017, including the ten-day, monthly and yearly temperature, precipitation and sunshine, we used GIS to convert 1:250000 basic geographical background data of Lianyungang into a high-resolution (100 m×100 m) digital terrain model. By adopting geographic information system and analytic hierarchy process, we combined the climatic conditions with meteorological disasters and preventive measures during the growth period of grape, and obtained the zoning index of grape climate suitability. The results showed that the temperature during the budding period of the grapes in April, and precipitation during flowering period in May, and rainfall value during fruit ripening in August could be selected as the research indexes of climatic suitability, and scored by experts, their weight coefficients were 0.4, 0.4 and 0.2 respectively. These indexes were divided into 3 levels: suitable, sub-suitable and unsuitable, to determine the climatic and ecological conditions for commercial grape cultivation. The results show that the most suitable climatic areas for grape cultivation are in central and northern Guannan, including Zhangdian, Beichenji and Sankou; the sub-suitable areas are Mengxingzhuang, Tanggou and Liji; the unsuitable areas are in southern and eastern Guannan, such as part of Xinji, Xin’an, Huayuan, Bailu, and etc. This research method could provide reference for the safe layout of various cash crops in Lianyungang.