奎屯垦区棉田土壤养分吸附特征与有效性研究

目的]研究新疆奎屯垦区棉田土壤养分吸附与有效性,为该地区合理施肥提供理论依据。方法]应用土壤养分状况系统研究法,通过土壤分析、吸附试验和盆栽试验,系统地研究奎屯垦区棉田土壤的养分状况、土壤对主要养分的吸附固定能力和生物有效性。结果]3种类型棉田土壤K、P、Cu、Mn、Zn拟合曲线均达到0.05显著水平,其固钾和固磷能力依次为草甸土〉风沙土〉灰漠土;钾肥的增产作用并不是很显著3,种棉田土壤中较为缺乏的元素是N和P,3种土壤的OPT处理每盆吸钾量均比CK高,钾的利用率也比CK高。结论]在新疆棉田土壤钾素分级中属较高水平,理论上可以不施用钾肥。微量元素方面,草甸土推荐施用适量的铁肥,灰漠土和风沙土推荐施用锌肥,氮磷钾微配合施用能明显提高钾的利用效率。

Study on Adsorbing Traits and Availability of Soil NutrientElements in Kuitun Cotton Field,Xinjiang

Objective] The kinetic of the potassium adsorbing traits and the availability of soil nutrient elements of the cotton field soil in Kuitun was studied to provide the basis for the utilization of the fertilizer.Method] ASI systematic approach was applied with the soil analysis,adsorption experiment and pot experiment.The adsorbing ability of the soil to nutrient elements and the bio-availability of nutrient elements were studied by systematic approach systematically in main cotton soil types.Result] The potassium,phosphorus,copper,manganese,zinc fitting curves was significant in three types of cotton soil,and the capability of adsorption K and P were MS > GS > AS.The increases amount wasn′t salience used K,N and P which were lack in the cotton field.The amount of adsorption K of OPT was more than that of CK,and fertilizer use efficiency of CK was lower than that of OPT.Conclusion]The content of soil potassium were higher in Xinjiang cotton field,so potassium couldn't be used in theory.Some iron could be used in MS,and some zinc could be used in GS and AS.The application of NPK and trace elements could significantly improve the utilization efficiency of the potassium.