低温处理对小麦几丁质酶活性的影响

[目的]研究低温对小麦几丁质酶基因的影响。[方法]对120个小麦品种进行低温处理,测定处理前后的小麦几丁质酶活力,分析低温对小麦几丁质酶活性的影响。[结果]常温下45个小麦品种的几丁质酶活性在0.5～0.8,42个小麦品种的几丁质酶活性在0.8～1.1,几丁质酶活性小于0.5和大于1.1的小麦品种仅占所测定小麦品种总量的27.5%。低温培养后所有品种的几丁质酶活性均有不同程度的提高。小麦几丁质酶活性的升高范围为0～1,74个小麦品种的几丁质酶活性升高了0～0.2,占所测小麦品种总量的61.7%;37个小麦品种的几丁质酶活性升高了0.2～0.4,仅9个小麦品种的几丁质酶活性升高了0.4以上,占所测小麦品种总量的7.5%。[结论]低温条件诱导了小麦中的几丁质酶基因表达,从而抵抗不利环境。

Influences of Low Temperature Treatment on the Chitinase Activity of Wheat

[Objective]The purpose was to research the influences of low temperature on the chitinase gene of wheat.[Method]one hundred and twenty wheat varieties were treated with low temperature,the chitinase activities of wheat were determined before and after treatment and the influences of low temperature on the chitinase activities of wheat were analyzed.[Result]At normal temperature,the chitinase activities of 45 wheat varieties were in 0.5-0.8,the chitinase activities of 42 wheat varieties were in 0.8-1.1 and the wheat varieties with chitinase activities lower than 0.5 and higher than 1.1 only accounted for 27.5% of whole tested wheat varieties.The chitinase activities of all the wheat varieties treated with low temperature were enhanced to different degrees.The increase range of chitinase activities of wheat was 0-1.The chitinase activities of 74 wheat varieties were increased for 0-0.2 and they accounted for 61.7% of all the tested wheat varieties.The chitinase activities of 37 wheat varieties were increased for 0.2-0.4.The chitinase activities of only 9 wheat varieties were increased for more than 0.4 and they accounted for 7.5% of all the tested wheat varieties.[Conclusion]Low temperature induced the expression of chitinase gene of wheat to resist unfavorable environment.