武育粳3号机插稻产量水平的主要影响因素分析

目的]探讨武育粳3号机插稻产量水平的主要影响因素。方法]在大田栽培条件下,以迟熟中粳武育粳3号为供试材料,研究栽插时间、栽插密度、育秧方式和氮肥运筹等对其产量及其构成因素的影响,分析影响其不同产量水平下产量的主要因素。结果]栽插时间越早,单位面积穗数或每穗粒数越多,单位面积颖花量越大,越易获得高产。120万～150万基本苗/hm2处理的穗数、每穗粒数、单位面积颖花量较大,产量较高。施氮量300 kg/hm2处理的产量高于270、330 kg/hm2处理;施300、330 kg/hm2纯氮水平下,7∶3处理的产量高于6∶4处理,270 kg/hm2施氮下正好相反;在6个氮肥处理中,以300 kg/hm2施氮量7∶3施氮比例处理的产量最高。高产攻关试验中,不同产量类型田块的穗数差异较小,每穗粒数、结实率、每穗实粒数和单位面积颖花量有明显差异;高产F类田块水稻的每穗粒数、结实率、每穗实粒数和颖花量高于其他类型水稻;产量在9 000 kg/hm2以下时,穗数、每穗粒数和结实率对产量均有显著影响,前者对产量的作用显著大于后二者;产量在9 000～10 500 kg/hm2时,穗数对产量的作用显著大于其他因素;产量在10 500 kg/hm2以上时,每穗粒数、穗数、结实率对产量均有显著影响,前者对产量的作用显著大于后二者。穴数、每穴穗数与穗数关系密切,产量在9 000 kg/hm2以下时,前者对穗数的作用大于后者;产量在9 000 kg/hm2以上时,后者对穗数的作用大于前者。

Analysis on the Main Factors Influencing Grain Yield Level of Machine-transplanted Rice Wuyujing 3

Objective] The aim was to discuss the main factors influencing grain yield level of machine-transplanted riace Wuyujing 3.Method] A field study was conducted to investigate the effects of transplanting time,transplating density,seeding raising method and nitrogen application on the grain yield and yield components and to analyze the mian factor influencing the grain yield under different grain yield level.Result] The earlier the transplanting time,the more panicle numbers per unit area,spikelets numbers per panicle and spikelets number per unit area,the grain yield was easier to obtain.The treatment of basic seedlings 1 200 000-1 500 000 hm2 showed higher the panicle numbers per unit area,spikelets number per panicle,spikelets number per unit area and grain yield than other treatments.The grain yield per unit area at nitrogen 300 kg/hm2 was higher than that at nitrogen 270 kg/hm2 and 300 kg/hm2.At the nitrogen level of 300 kg/hm2 and 330 kg/hm2,the treatment of the ratio of base fertilizer to top dressing at 7∶ 3 had higher grain yield than that at the 6∶ 4,and the opposite conclusion was drawn at the nitrogen level of 270 kg/hm2.The treatment of the ratio of base fertilizer to top dressing at 7:3 at nitrogen 300 kg/hm2 level showed the highest grain yield among six nitrogen treatments.In the high-yield research,little difference in the panicle numbers per unit area and significant differences in spikelets number per panicle,filled grain per panicle,and spikelets per unit area were obtained among fields with different grain yield.The F type with highest grain yield showed higher spilelts number per panicle,filled grain percentage,filled grains per panicle,the spikelets per unit area than other types.At the average grain yield less than 9 000 kg/hm2,the panicle numbers per unit area,spilelets number per panicle and filled grain percentage all had significant effects on grain yield per unit area.The effect of the former on the grain yield was significantly greater than the later two on the grain yield.At the grain yield about 9 000-10 500 kg/hm2,the panicle numbers per unit area showed more important influence on grain yield than other factors.At the average grain yield more than 10 500 kg/hm2,the grain yield per unit area was significantly affected by the panicle numbers per unit area,spilelets number per panicle and filled grain percentage,especially by the spikelets number per panicle.The hills,panicle numbers per hill were strongly correlated with the panicle numbers.When the output was lower than 9 000 kg/hm2,the former imposed larger influence on panicle numbers than the latter one;when the output was larger than 9 000 kg/hm2,the latter had larger influences on the effect of panicle numbers.