番茄红素萃取优化工艺条件研究

目的]考察番茄红素提取率的影响因素,优化其提取工艺。方法]采用溶剂法萃取番茄红素,通过单因素试验考察了提取溶剂种类和用量、提取温度、提取时间和pH对番茄红素提取率的影响。结果]以氯仿-丙酮（2∶1）混合液为提取剂提取番茄红素的提取率最高,石油醚为提取剂提取番茄红素的提取率最低。提取温度低于70℃,随着温度升高番茄红素的提取率明显增加,高于70℃时,其提取率趋于恒定。在提取初始阶段,番茄红素提取率随时间延长而增加8,0 min以后其提取率趋于稳定。当pH=6.0时,番茄红素提取率最高。当液料比小于4∶1时,番茄红素提取率随液料比的增大而显著增加;当液料比大于4∶1时,番茄红素的提取率反而下降。结论]以氯仿-丙酮（2∶1）混合液为提取剂,液料比为4∶1,提取温度为70℃,提取时间为80 min,pH=6.0时,番茄红素的提取效果最佳。

Study on the Optimization of Extraction Technology of Lycopene

Objective]The purpose was to investigate the influencing factors of extracted rate of lycopene and optimize its extraction technology.Method]The lycopene was extracted by solvent method and the influences of extractant species and dosage,extraction temperature,extraction time and pH value on the extracted rate of lycopene were investigated through single factor experiments.Result]The extracted rate of lycopene of extraction with chloroform-acetone(2∶1) mixture as extractant was highest and that of extraction with petroleum ether as extractant was lowest.When the extraction temperature was lower than 70 ℃,the extracted rate of lycopene was increased obviously along with the increase of temperature and it was going to be invariable when the temperature exceeded 70 ℃.In the initial extraction,the extracted rate of lycopene was increased along with the increase of time and it was going to be stable after 80 min.When the pH value was 6.0,the extracted rate of lycopene was highest.When the ratio of liquid to material was lower than 4∶1,the extracted rate of lycopene was increased obviously along with the increase of the ratio of liquid to material;but it was decreased when the ratio of liquid to material was higher than 4∶1.Conclusion]With chloroform-acetone(2∶1) mixture as extractant,when the ratio of liquid to material was 4∶1,the extraction temperature was 70 ℃,the extraction time was 80 min and the pH value was 6.0,the extraction effect of lycopene was best.