中国矿产资源开发生态补偿制度研究

矿产资源是人类社会经济发展的基本物质条件，推动人类社会经济飞速发展的同时，过度使用带来了严重的生态环境问题。为内化过度开发利用引发的生态负外部性，实现生态公正，有必要构建矿产资源开发生态补偿制度。通过概述矿产资源开发生态补偿制度，对现存的矿产资源开发生态补偿制度的问题进行剖析，建议从加强顶层设计、完善现有补偿制度和建立生态环境损害评估机制三个方面来构建中国的矿产资源开发生态补偿制度。

Ecological Compensation Mechanism for the Development of Mineral Resources in China

Mineral resources are one of the fundamental material prerequisites for the development of society and economy. Overuse of the resources has caused serious ecological and environmental problems. In order to internalize the ecological negative externality brought about by overdevelopment of mineral resources and realize ecological justice, it is necessary to build a new ecological compensation mechanism for the development of the resources. This paper gives a brief introduction to the mechanism, analyzes the problems with existing mechanism, and suggests that the building of the new mechanism should be carried out by reinforcing top level design, perfecting existing mechanism and building an evaluation mechanism of ecological and environmental damage.