9份甘蔗核心种质的初花期花粉活力

[目的]采用离体萌发法,测试9份甘蔗核心种质初花期的花粉成熟度及其花粉活力的特性。[方法]采集当天开放的雄性花粉,将花粉均匀撒播在液体培养基上,24℃暗培养2 h,研究初花期的花粉活力。[结果]9份甘蔗核心种质初花期的花粉成熟度变化范围为58.5%94.5%,花粉萌发率为13.9%44.3%,花粉管生长速度为31.489.3μm,花粉粒大小为860.61 879.1μm~2,品种间存在明显的差异。花粉成熟度、花粉萌发率、花粉管长度、花粉粒大小4指标间极显著正相关。各项因子分别聚类分析,结果显示测试品种中花粉成熟度小、花粉萌发率低、花粉管生长速度慢且花粉粒小的品种相对较多,占44.4%,这类品种在杂交育种应用上可选择作母本。[结论]花粉离体萌发技术可以被作为甘蔗育种人员在甘蔗品种改良方案进行双亲杂交测定所需花粉育性的1种工具。

Pollen Viability of Nine Cultivars of Saccharum germplasm at Flowering Stage

[Objective] To detect the maturation and viability characteristics of Saccharum germplasm (9 cultivars) pollens at flowering stage by in vitro germination method. [ Method] Male pollen opened on the day was collected. Then, spread the pollen evenly in the liquid medi-um. They were dark cultured at 24℃ for 2 h to study pollen maturation in early flowering stage. [ Result] There were significant variations in the pollen maturation, germination rate, length of the pollen tubes and size of the pollens among the 9 cultivars. It was observed that pollen maturation ranged from 58. 5% to 94. 5%, germination rate range from 13. 9% to 44. 3%, length of the pollen tubes ranged from 31. 4 to 89. 3 μm, and size of pollen ranged from 860. 6 to 1879. 1 μm2 . There was significant positive correlation in pollen maturation, germination rate, length of the pollen tubes and size of the pollen. Further cluster analysis were carried on individually based on the above data. The popu-lation of the cultivars with low maturation, low germination rate, short pollen tube length and small size pollen accounted for 44. 4% of the to-tal tested cultivars. These cultivars had the potential to be used as female parents for crossbreeding. [ Conlusion] Pollen in vitro germination techniques can be used as a method for sugarcane breeders to carry out bacon hubridization in the sugarcane variety improvement program re-quired for pollen fertility.