几种典型荒漠植物冠层光谱特征比较研究

选取古尔班通古特沙漠南缘柽柳、梭梭和乌兰布和沙漠东北缘霸王、四合木、白刺、油蒿、红砂等7种荒漠植物为对象，通过获取各植物的冠层光谱反射率，采用光谱学分析法，提取光谱吸收特征参数，确定荒漠植物识别的最佳波段。结果表明，各荒漠植物的波谷波长位置接近，吸收波段特征有一定的相似性。具体看，梭梭和柽柳的波谱吸收特征更相近，其他5种植物更相近。应用二阶导数方法，在350~1 350 nm建立了5个具有植物生化意义的谱带，并得到典型荒漠植被识别的12个最佳波段。研究成果不仅可以为荒漠植被遥感识别和分类提供参考，也为荒漠植被生态监测提供一定科学依据。

Comparative Study on Canopy Spectral Characteristics of Several Typical Desert Plants

In this study,Tamarix chinensis and Haloxylon ammodendron occurring in the Guerbantungut desert and Nitraria tangutorum,Artemisia ordosica,Zygophyllum xanthoxylon,Tetraena mongolica and Reaumuria songarica in Ulan Buh desert were selected as the research objects.In July and August 2018,the canopy spectral reflectance of each vegetation was measured.By using spectroscopy analysis method,the spectral features and differential spectra were analyzed.The desert plant identification band was extracted.The results showed that,7 kinds of desert vegetation canopy spectral curves shared the general law of all green vegetation.However,due to the differences of vegetation structure,pigment content,water content and other factors,the reflectance of different vegetation canopy was different.The wavelength position of each desert vegetation trough were close,and the absorption band characteristics were similar to some extent.According to the specific analysis,the absorption band characteristics of T.chinensis and H.ammodendron were more similar,while the absorption characteristics of the spectral curves of other 5 planting types were more similar.The second derivative of the spectra of the seven desert vegetation species all showed the same change trend,but in different bands,there were different kurtosis.The second derivative method was applied to establish 5 spectral bands with plant biochemical significance at 350-1350 nm(red-near-infrared).Twelve optimal bands for typical desert vegetation identification were obtained.The research results can not only provide some references for remote sensing identification and classification of typical desert vegetation,but also provide some scientific basis for ecological monitoring of desert vegetation.