漆树林5种种植模式下的土壤质量综合评价

为探究不同树种配置对漆树纯林改造中土壤质量的影响，以陕西平利县漆树5种不同种植模式（漆树纯林、漆茶、漆玉、漆针、漆竹混交）为研究对象，比较不同模式0～30 cm土层土壤理化性质的差异，并基于RDA分析、主成分分析和土壤质量指数法，综合评价不同种植模式的土壤质量。结果表明，5种模式土壤pH值、持水量差异显著，这可能是由于海拔差异以及林下枯落层厚度不同所造成；有机质、水解N、有效P、全K含量差异显著，这可能与林龄和人为整地有关；5种模式土壤质量综合指数均>0.5，其中漆茶混交林最高，为0.71，说明漆茶混交具有较强的土壤改良能力。漆茶配置模式既能提高漆树品质，又能改良土壤，提高经济效益，可以在秦巴山区推广应用。

A Comprehensive Evaluation of Soil Quality among Lacquer Plantations with 5 Planting Patterns

The degradation of soil quality caused by human activities has become an increasingly serious global problem,and the improvement of soil quality through reasonable planting methods has attracted wide attention.In order to explore the effects of different planting patterns on soil quality in the transformation of lacquer forests,five different planting patterns（including pure lacquer,lacquer+tea,lacquer+jade,lacquer+needle,and lacquer+bamboo) were studied in Pingli County,Shaanxi Province.Differences in soil physicochemical properties of different planting methods in soil layers of 0-30 cm were compared,and the soil qualities of different planting patterns were comprehensively evaluated based on RDA analysis,principal component analysis and soil quality index methods.The results showed that the soil pH and water holding capacity of the five planting patterns were significantly different,which may be due to the difference of altitude and the thickness of understory litter layer.Moreover,the significant difference of soil organic matter,hydrolyzed N,available P and total K contents may be related to forest age and artificial land preparation.The comprehensive soil quality index of the five methods was above 0.5,among which the highest mixed forest of lacquer+tea was 0.71,indicating that the mixed tea had a strong soil improvement ability.The planting method of lacquer+tea can not only improve the quality of lacquer tree,but also improve the soil quality and the economic benefit,which can be popularized and applied in Qinba Mountaineous areas.