黄河三角洲滨海盐碱地区主要树种适应性评价

树木对生境特征的适应能力是其存活和生长的关键。根据河口区样地和问卷调查结果，以森林营建主要树种适应性评价为总目标建立评价指标体系，利用层次分析法（AHP）计算指标权重，确定指标评分标准，运用线性加权法构建数学模型，划分树种等级，提出本区森林营建主要树种的规划与配置模式。结果表明:1）耐盐碱性、成活率、生长速度、生态服务价值、抗病虫害能力5个指标对总目标有重要影响，权重值分别为0.316 5、0.247 8、0.123 9、0.081 4、0.060 4。2）筛选得到40个适于本区森林营建的主要树种，其中，Ⅰ级(Y≥3.8)树种是森林营建的基调树种，计2种；Ⅱ级(3.5≤Y＜3.8)树种是慎重选择的骨干树种，计21种；Ⅲ级(3.2≤Y＜3.5)树种是适于轻度盐碱区域营林的一般树种，计12种；Ⅳ级(2.4≤Y＜3.2)树种是城市客土造林的边缘树种，计5种。3）得到6种森林绿地类型:道路绿地、河岸绿地、公园绿地、生产绿地、防护绿地、居住区绿地的主要树种配置模式。

Adaptability Evaluation of the Main Tree Species in Coastal Saline-Alkaline Regions of the Yellow River Delta

The habitat adaptation of trees is the key to their survival and growth.An evaluation index system was established with the overall goal of adaptability evaluation of main tree species for forest construction according to the survey results of the adaptability of the main tree species in the estuary area of the Yellow River.The linear transformation method was used to set the mathematical model,classify the tree species,and propose the planning and configuration mode of the main tree species for forest construction in the area.The results showed that 1) the five indicators of salt-alkali tolerance,survival rate,growth rate,ecological service value,and resistance to diseases and insect pests had important impacts on the overall goal,with weight values of 0.316 5,0.247 8,0.123 9,0.081 4,0.060 4,respectively.2) Forty main tree species suitable to be planted in this area were screened out,among which 2 species were in grade Ⅰ (Y≥3.8),they were the key tree species for forest construction in the coastal saline-alkali area of the Yellow River Delta; grade Ⅱ (3.5≤Y<3.8) tree species were carefully selected,they were the backbone tree species with the number of 21 in total; grade Ⅲ (3.2≤Y<3.5) tree species with the number of 12 were general species suitable for light saline-alkali area management; 5 species were in grade Ⅳ (2.4≤Y＜3.2),they were suitable to be sued for urban afforestation with nutrient soil.3) Arrangement patterns for the main greening tree species were proposed for 6 types of green spaces,including:road,river bank,park,production,protection,and residential green spaces.