真空处理对青霉菌的抑制及吸湿性能影响研究

接种青霉菌橡胶木在温度15 ℃、绝对真空度7 mmHg(即933 Pa)下，分别处理0、12、24、36、48、60、72 h。经霉菌稀释计数观察青霉菌数量，傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重分析仪和动态水蒸气吸附分析仪分析橡胶木表面化学结构、热稳定性与吸湿解吸性能。结果表明，真空处理可明显抑制青霉菌生长，处理60 h,青霉菌几乎完全被杀死；接菌橡胶木与真空处理接菌橡胶木，其纤维素、半纤维素和木质素均有所降解，橡胶木表面亲水基团增加，表面亲水性增强，且后者易炭化，热稳定性能稍有降低；侵染青霉菌的橡胶木吸湿与解吸性能有所增大，真空处理后更趋明显。该研究可为真空处理抑制木材霉菌生长技术提供理论参考。

Inhibition of Penicillium by Vacuum Treatment and Its Effect on Hygroscopicity

In this study,the rubber woods inoculated with Penicillium were respectively treated for 0,12,24,36,48,60,and 72 h at 15℃in the vacuum of 7 mmHg(933 Pa).The changes of the number of molds were observed by using comparison of plate counting,and FTIR,TGA and DVS were applied respectively for determining the effects of vacuum treatment from the surface functional group,the thermal stability and the sorption and desorption properties of the woods.The results showed that the vacuum treatment inhibited the mold,and Penicillium was almost completely killed when the wood was treated for 60 h.When testing the penicillin-infested rubber wood and vacuum-treated pieces,its cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin were partially degraded.The hydrophilic groups on wood surface increased,so the hydrophilia enhanced,and its thermal stability was less reduced as the later were more easily carbonized.Inoculation treatment could increase the hygroscopic and desorption properties of rubber wood,that was further increased by vacuum.This study can provide a theoretical basis for vacuum treatment as an inhibitor of molds growth.