城市道路绿带遥感绿量与地温相关性研究

城市道路绿带是城市绿地系统的重要组成部分，绿地绿量对热岛效应的调控功能受到广泛关注。以福州市仓山区道路绿带为研究对象，基于2019年9月的Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS和12月的GF-1影像数据，利用辐射传输方程法进行地表温度反演，并采用面向对象分类法和分层分类法提取典型树种，结合实地测定叶面积指数完成对道路绿带绿量的计算，进而分析城市道路绿带绿量与地温的关系。结果表明:1）道路绿带对周边环境具有一定的降温作用；2）道路绿带的位置与面积差异会对其发挥降温效应产生影响；3）在不同绿带面积范围内，绿量与地温的关系不同。当绿带面积<1 hm²或>10 hm²时，地温分布几乎与绿量无关，在1~10 hm²面积范围内，二者呈负相关；4）绿量在绿带面积为1~4 hm²的降温效率优于在4~10 hm²，单位绿量可分别平均降温0.343℃~0.373℃、0.087 8℃~0.157 2℃。通过分析不同面积范围内城市道路绿带绿量与地温的关系，以期为缓解城市热岛效应，科学规划城市道路绿地提供新思路与理论指导。

Correlation between Green Quantity in Urban Road and Land Surface Temperature on Remote Sensing Image

Uran road greenbelt is a vital component of urban green space system.The regulation function of three-dimensional green quantity on heat island effect has attracted extensive attention.The road greenbelts in Cangshan District,Fuzhou City were taken as the research objects,the relative information was acquired from Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS and GF-1 remote sensing data from September and December of 2019.The radiation transfer equation method was adopted to retrieve the study areas land surface temperature (LST).Methods including object-oriented classification and hierarchical classification were used to extract typical tree species.Combined with the leaf area index (LAI) measured on the spots,the calculation of green quantity was completed.Then,the relationship between the green quantity of urban road greenbelt and LST were proposed.The results were reported as followings.1) Road greenbelts had certain cooling effects on the surrounding environment.2) The difference in location and area of road greenbelt would have certain impacts on the cooling effect of greenbelt with equal green quantity.3) In different areas,the relationship between green quantity and LST was different.When the greenbelt area was less than 1 hm² or more than 10 hm²,the LST distribution was almost independent of the green quantity.When the greenbelt area was 1-10 hm²,the LST was negatively correlated with the green quantity.4) Green quantity in the green belt area of 1-4 hm² could produce a better cooling effect than 4-10 hm²,and the average cooling of unit green quantity could be 0.343-0.373℃ and 0.087 8-0.157 2℃.The analysis of the relationship between the green quantity of urban road greenbelt and the LST can provide new ideas and theoretical guidance for alleviating the urban heat island effect and the scientific urban road greening.