水氮调控对小麦植株干物质积累、分配与转运的影响

为明确陕西关中地区节水高肥效的生产最优灌溉和施肥技术,以陕西关中3个品种为供试材料,设置不同灌水模式、施氮量、施肥方式,采用裂区设计,对不同小麦品种植株各器官干物质的积累、分配和转运进行研究。结果表明:3个品种间籽粒干物质分配量和比例均无显著差异,各器官中的干物质向籽粒的转运量、转运率及其对籽粒的贡献率表现不一致;施氮量对小麦干物质氮素积累、分配和转运的影响均无显著差异;施氮量相同的情况下,60%底肥+40%追肥处理,各器官中干物质的积累量和分配比例,以及各营养器官中干物质向籽粒的转运量、转运率和贡献率均高于100%底肥处理。四因素对小麦植株干物质积累分配与转运的影响顺序为:品种>灌溉模式>施氮量>施氮方式。

Effects of Irrigation and Nitrogen Control on Accumulation, Distribution and Transport of Dry Matter of Wheat Plant

To provide the optimal measures of irrigation and nitrogen in Guanzhong area,Shaanxi Province,a split plot arrangement field experiment were carried out by using 3 varieties to study on accumulation,distribution and transport of dry matter of plant organs of different wheat cultivars with irrigation,nitrogen and fertilization level.The results showed that there were no significant difference about dry matter accumulation and ratio of grain among 3 varieties,whereas the amount of traffic,transfer rate and the contribution to grain performance of dry matter is not consistent from different organs to grain.No nitrogen application was helpful to accumulation,distribution and transport of nitrogen in grains.There was no significant difference.When the amount of nitrogen applied was equal,accumulation,distribution,the amount of traffic,transfer rate and the contribution to grain performance of dry matter with the mode of base fertilizer(60%) and fertilizer(40%) were higher than the mode of base fertilizer(100%).According to the results,the conclusion can be reached:the order of influencing factors was that cultivar was the highest,then irrigation,the amount of nitrogen,and the mode of nitrogen.