有丝分裂雌核发育牙鲆的微卫星鉴定

通过静水压抑制卵裂方法获得多个牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)有丝分裂雌核发育家系,在仔鱼阶段经历大批死亡后,将各个家系残存的个体混合饲养,24个月后获得1批存活个体。利用11对微卫星分子标记,对173尾有丝分裂雌核发育牙鲆进行分析,结果表明,其中111尾在11位点全部纯合,62尾在部分位点杂合,平均杂合子比例为0.2338。11个位点的等位基因数为4～8,平均等位基因数为5.0336,有效等位基因数为2.0421～5.1268,平均有效等位基因数为3.2815。采用NJ法对111尾纯合牙鲆的亲缘关系进行聚类分析,可分为4群。微卫星标记鉴定结果表明,通过静水压抑制卵裂法可以获得完全纯合的牙鲆,但有部分杂合个体出现。分析其原因,可能是由于某些卵子发育不同步,静水压抑制其第二极体排出而非全部抑制卵裂,导致减数分裂雌核发育所致。

Identification of mitogynogenetic Japanese flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus)using microsatellite marker

Gynogenesis was considered to be a useful method to generate clonal lines in fish. Mitogynogenesis has been successfully applied to several fishes. In this study, mitogynogenesis was carried out in , by fertilizing eggs with UV-irradiated heterologous sperms of red sea bream, One hundred and seventy three mitogynogenetic diploids belonging to different families have been mixedly raised for 24 months. Eleven microsatellite markers were used to examine homozygosity and genetic relationship of mitogynogenesis in Japanese flounder. The results showed that among the 173 mitogynogenetic diploids 111 individuals were completely homozygous at all 11 loci, andThe number of the alleles (A) ranged from to eight , and average number of allele was 5.033 6. Effective alleles () were from 2.042 1 to 5.126 8and average number of effective alleles was 3.281 5. The genetic distance of 111 homozygous individuals was calculated and the cluster analysis was carried out by NJ method. All individuals were pooled into four groups. The results revealed that residual heterozygosity still remained in mitotic gynogenetic diploids. Heterozygous fish was obtained through mitogynogenesis as a result of the presence of meiogynogens. Therefore, precise assessing the homozygosity of mitotic gynogenetic diploids is necessary for successful clonal lines.