Effects of material properties and fabric structure characteristics of graduated compression stockings (GCS) on the skin pressure distributions |
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Authors: | Rong Liu Yi-Lin Kwok Yi Li Terence-T Lao Xin Zhang |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong;(2) Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong;(3) Department of Clothing Art and Design, Xi’an University of Engineering Science and Technology, Xi’an, China |
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Abstract: | Graduated compression stockings (GCS) have been widely used for the prophylaxis and treatment of venous diseases. Their gradient
pressure function largely related to their fabric structure and material properties. By combing fabric physical testing and
wear trials, this study investigated the GCSs fabric structure and material properties at different locations along the stocking
hoses, and quantitatively analyzed the effects of fabrics on skin pressure longitudinal and transverse distributions. We concluded
that, Structural characteristics and material properties of stocking fabrics were not uniform along the hoses, but a gradual
variation from ankle to thigh regions, which significantly influenced the corresponding skin pressure gradient distributions;
Tensile (WT, EM) and shearing properties (G) generated most significant differences among ankle, knee and thigh regions along
the stocking hose, which significantly influenced the skin pressure lognitudinal gradient distribution. More material indices
generating significant gradual changes occurred in the fabric wale direction along stocking hose, meaning that materials properties
in wale direction would exert more important impact on the skin pressure gradient performances. And, the greater tensibility
and smoother surface of fabric in wale direction would contribute to put stocking on and off, and facilitate wearers’ leg
extension-flexion movements. The indices of WT and EM of stocking fabrics in series A have strong linear correlations with
skin pressure lognitudinal distribution, which largely related to their better performances in gradual changes of material
properties. Skin pressure applied by fabric with same material properties produced pronounced differences among four different
directions around certain cross-sections of human leg, especially at the ankle region; and, the skin pressure magnitudes at
ankle region were more easily influenced by the materials properties, which were considered to be largely related to the anatomic
structure of human leg. |
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Keywords: | Material property Fabric structure Compression stockings Skin pressure Distribution |
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