高铜对雏鸡肾脏组织结构及生化指标影响的研究

本研究旨在探讨高铜对雏鸡肾脏组织结构及生化指标的影响.360只1日龄艾维菌肉鸡随机分为6组,分别喂以对照日粮(Cu 10.89 mg·kg~(-1))和高铜日粮(Cu 100 mg·kg~(-1),高铜Ⅰ组;Cu 200 mg·kg~(-1)高铜Ⅱ组;Cu400 mg·kg~(-1),高铜Ⅲ组;Cu 600 mg·kg~(-1),高铜Ⅳ组,Cu 800 mg·kg~(-1),高铜Ⅴ组)6周.与对照组比较,高铜Ⅲ组、高铜Ⅳ组、高铜Ⅴ组雏鸡肾脏出现不同程度的病理损害,肾小管上皮细胞颗粒变性、空泡变性;超微结构观察,肾小管上皮细胞线粒体肿胀,嵴断裂,甚至溶解消失呈空泡状.同时,高铜Ⅲ组、高铜Ⅳ组、高铜Ⅴ组雏鸡肾脏及血清铜含量显著升高(P<0.01),肾脏铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(CuZn-SOD)活性显著降低(P<0.01),丙二醛(MDA)含量和羟自由基(·OH)含量显著升高(P<0.01).结果表明,日粮铜含量400 mg·kg~(-1)及其以上可引起雏鸡肾脏组织的病理损伤以及肾脏抗氧化功能的降低,导致肾脏功能降低.

Effect of Dietary High Copper on Tissue Structure and Biochemical Parameters of Kidney in Chickens

The experiment was conducted with the objective of examining the effect of dietary high copper on the renal tissue structure and biochemical parameters in chickens. 360 one-day-old Avian chickens were randomly divided into six groups and feed on diets as follows: Controls (Cu 10.89 mg·kg~(-1)) and high copper groups (Cu 100 mg·kg~(-1), high copper group Ⅰ; Cu 200 mg·kg~(-1), high copper group Ⅱ; Cu 400 mg·kg~(-1), high copper group Ⅲ; Cu 600 mg·kg~(-1), high copper group Ⅳ; Cu 800 mg·kg~(-1), high copper group Ⅴ) for six weeks. Injuries were appeared in high copper groups Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ when compared with the control group, there were granular degeneration and vacuolar degeneration in the renal tubule epithelial cells. And, the renal copper contents and serum copper contents were much higher in high copper groups Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ than that in control group(P<0.01). Also, in high copper groups Ⅲ, and Ⅴ, the renal malondialdehyde and hydroxy radical contents were increased (P<0.01), and the renal cuprozinc-superoxide dismutase(CuZn-SOD) activities were decreased (P<0.01) compared with those of control group. The result showed that dietary copper exceed 400 mg·kg~(-1) caused pathological injures and the impaired antioxydant function in kidney, and finally impaired renal function.