西藏兰属(兰科)植物新记录

兰属植物观赏价值极高,在我国已有一千多年的栽培历史,西藏兰属植物资源丰富,摸清西藏兰属植物本底资源,可对今后培育观赏园艺品种提供基础资料。本研究报道了兰科兰属植物4个西藏新记录：莎叶兰（Cymbidium cyperifolium Wall. ex Lindl.）、福兰（C.devonianum Paxton）、春兰[C. goeringii (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.]和大雪兰（C. mastersii Griff. ex Lindl.）,其中莎叶兰和蕙兰（C. faberi）近似,但莎叶兰花瓣和萼片无条纹,叶片边缘全缘;福兰为兰属家族中较特殊的一种,植株仅具2~4枚叶片,花数量大可以区别于该属其他种类;春兰植株近似于蕙兰,但春兰花葶极短,假鳞茎明显存在等特征与蕙兰甚易区分;大雪兰不开展的花及唇盘2条亮黄色纵脊均近似于莎草兰（C. elegans）,但大雪兰假鳞茎延长成茎状,叶窄,唇盘2条纵脊在中部汇合。本研究对新记录进行简要描述,并提供详细特征图片等。这些兰属新记录的发现扩充了西藏自治区兰属植物的记录,为今后对西藏兰属植物的栽培驯化以及培育园艺品种提供了新资料。

New Records of Cymbidium (Orchidaceae) in Tibet,China

Cymbidium Sw. has extremely high ornamental value. It has been cultivated for more than a thousand years in China. Tibet is rich in the resources of Cymbidium. Knowing the background resources of Cymbidium can provide basic information for the cultivation of ornamental horticultural varieties in the future. This research reports four new record species of Cymbidium (Orchidaceae) in Tibet: Cymbidium cyperifolium Wall. ex Lindl., C. devonianum Paxton, C. goeringii (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f., C. mastersii Griff. ex Lindl.. Among them, C. cyperifolium and C. faberi are similar, but the petals and sepals of C. cyperifolium are not striped, and the leaf are entire. C. devonianum is special in the Cymbidium, and the plant has only 2-4 leaves. The large number of flowers can be distinguished from other species of this genus. C. goeringii is similar to C. faberi, but it is easy to distinguish them by its short scape and obvious pseudobulb. The flowers of C. mastersii and the two bright yellow longitudinal ridges of the lip are similar to C. elegans, but the pseudobulb of C. mastersii is elongated into a stem shape and the leaves are narrow, two longitudinal ridges of the labial disc meet in the middle. Descriptions and photographs for diagnostic characters are provided. The discovery of the new record species has expanded the record of orchids in Tibet, and would provide new information for the cultivation and domestication of Tibet’s orchids and the cultivation of horticultural varieties in the future.