利用SSR荧光标记构建37个中国橡胶树栽培品种指纹图谱

以37个橡胶树栽培品种为材料,利用SSR荧光标记技术进行DNA指纹图谱的构建和遗传关系分析,构建我国橡胶树栽培品种的SSR指纹图谱。共计筛选和确定出34对SSR引物作为构建橡胶树品种DNA指纹图谱库的核心引物,其中30对SSR引物可用于品种鉴定,4对SSR引物可作为备选引物用于后续新选育品种的鉴定。筛选和确定出的核心SSR引物表现出较高的多态性信息含量（PIC值）,其中PIC值高于0.5的引物高达97%,PIC值大于0.7的引物多达12对,PIC值大于0.8的引物有2对。引物rbm28的多态性最高,可作为最佳引物用于鉴定中国橡胶树主栽品系的遗传多样性,其他4条引物HESR025、HESR163、H-084、H-122同时具备较高的杂合率和多态性,可考虑作为备选引物。34对核心SSR引物在37个橡胶树品种中共检测到161个等位变异,平均每对引物检测到5.4个等位基因,平均PIC值为0.65,表现出高度多态性。利用30对核心SSR引物对37份橡胶树品种进行扩增,得到相关品种的准确SSR位点信息,获得包含37个橡胶树品种的标准DNA指纹图谱库,其中33个橡胶树品种均具有唯一的DNA特征指纹,可作为各品种特定的图谱,为橡胶树品种鉴定和育种实践提供依据。

Using the SSR Fluorescent Labeling to Establish SSR Fingerprints for 37 Cultivars in rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis)

37 rubber tree cultivars were used as the materials to establish DNA fingerprints and to analyze the genetic relationship with SSR fluorescence labeling technology. A total of 34 pairs of SSR primers were screened and determined as the core primers for the construction of rubber tree variety DNA fingerprint library. Of which 30 pairs of SSR primers could be used for variety identification and 4 pairs of SSR primers could be used as alternative primers for the identification of subsequent newly selected varieties. The core SSR primers screened and determined showed high polymorphism information content (PIC value). Among them, the number of primers with PIC value higher than 0.5 was 97%, the number of primers with PIC value greater than 0.7 was 12, and the number of primers with PIC value greater than 0.8 was 2. Primer rbm28 had the highest polymorphism and could be used as the best primer to identify the genetic diversity of the main strains of rubber tree in China. The other four primers HESR025, HESR163, H-084 and H-122 had high heterozygosity and polymorphism at the same time, so they could be considered as alternative primers. A total of 161 alleles were detected by 34 pairs of core SSR primers in 37 rubber tree varieties, with an average of 5.4 alleles per pair of primers and an average polymorphism information content (PIC) value of 0.65. 30 pairs of core SSR primers were used to amplify 37 rubber tree strains to obtain the accurate SSR site information of related varieties. The standard DNA fingerprint library of 37 rubber tree varieties was constructed, of which 33 rubber tree varieties had unique DNA characteristic fingerprints, which could be used as the specific fingerprints of each variety, so as to provide a basis for rubber tree variety identification and breeding practice.