钾硅肥配施对胡麻茎秆碳水化合物及抗倒性的影响

为明确钾硅肥施用对胡麻茎秆碳水化合物主要成分含量及抗倒伏特性的影响,探讨钾硅肥运筹调控胡麻茎秆抗倒伏能力的机制,选用裂区试验设计进行了研究,以两个品种为主处理,三个K2O钾肥用量(K0:不施钾;K1:52.5 kg/hm2;K2:105 kg/hm2)为副处理,两个SiO2硅肥用量(Si0:不施硅;Si1:90 kg/...

Effects of combined application of potassium and silicon fertilizer on carbohydrate and lodging resistance of oil flax stem

The aim of this study was to understand the effects of potassium (K) and silicon (Si) fertilizers on main carbohydrate components content and lodging resistance characteristics of oil flax stalks, and to explore the regulatory mechanism of these two fertilizers on lodging resistance of flax stalks. Split plot design was used, with two varieties as main treatment, three potassium fertilizer dosage (K0: no potassium; K1: 52.5 kg K₂O/hm²; K2: 105 kg K₂O/hm²) as split-treatment, two silicon fertilizer dosage (Si0: no silicon; Si1: 90 kg SiO₂/hm²) as sub-split treatment. The results showed that lodging resistance capability of oil flax stem mainly depended on both total carbohydrate (TC) content and proportion of non-structural carbohydrate (NSC). TC content, NSC proportion, the content of soluble sugar and starch were all significantly and positively correlated with breaking resistance and lodging resistance index. Potassium increased the content of stalk cellulose, lignin, soluble sugar, starch, TC and NSC percentage by 11.74-32.27%, 12.18-68.78%, 12.48-33.59%, 23.96-121.65%, 8.95-35.09% and 17.48-20.29% respectively, and increased lodging resistance index by 19.80-86.37%. Meanwhile, higher potassium had better increase effects. Silicon promoted cellulose, lignin and TC contents significantly. Content of structural carbohydrate (SC) was not affected by K-Si interaction. But NSC content was affected. NSC increased under higher K level without Si. Compared with K0Si0, K2Si0 and K1Si1 increased soluble sugar content by 38.08-46.15% and 21.60-40.83% respectively, and starch content by 56.13-176.54% and 50.00-61.41% respectively, and TC by 44.18-53.40% and 34.08-36.73% respectively. Higher K without Si, or lower K accompanied by Si could both improve the proportion of NSC and then enhanced lodging resistance. K application significantly increased grain yield, while Si fertilizer had no significant main effect on yield. Applying K alone had a significant effect on lodging resistance and yield increase. Combined positive interaction of K and Si to lodging resistance could be manifested only under low K condition.