赣粤地区蕨类植物区系新资料

2021年1—12月期间,通过对南岭山地东部赣粤边境九连山地区的植物调查,新增4种江西省蕨类分布新记录,即针毛新月蕨（Pronephrium hirsutum Ching ex Y. X. Lin）、蓝色鳞毛蕨（Dryopteris polita Rosenst.）、车前蕨（Antrophyum henryi Hieron.）、团羽鳞盖蕨（Microlepia obtusiloba Hayata）。新增5种广东省蕨类植物新记录,即无盖耳蕨（Polystichum gymnocarpium Ching ex W. M. Chu & Z. R. He）、东京鳞毛蕨[Dryopteris tokyoensis (Matsum. ex Makino) C. Chr.]、半岛鳞毛蕨（Dryopteris peninsulae Kitag.）、尾叶稀子蕨[Monachosorum flagellare (Maxim. ex Makino) Hayata]、亮毛蕨[Acystopteris japonica (Luerss.) Nakai]。新增1个中国大陆蕨类新记录种,即台湾金星蕨[Parathelypteris castanea (Tagawa) Ching]。新增1个广东省蕨类新分布科,即冷蕨科（Cystopteridaceae Schmakov）,新增1个广东省新记录属,即亮毛蕨属（Acystopteris Nakai）,其中东京鳞毛蕨和车前蕨分别被《IUCN濒危物种红色名录》收录为濒危种（EN）和易危种（VU）,新记录的凭证标本存放于九连山国家级自然保护区植物标本馆（JNR）内,本文分别描述它们的形态特征、采集地点、生长环境、分布地及与近缘种的主要形态区别;讨论冷蕨科和亮毛蕨属在广东省内被发现的地理区系意义,台湾金星蕨、团羽鳞盖蕨、针毛新月蕨、半岛鳞毛蕨、蓝色鳞毛蕨、无盖耳蕨、尾叶稀子蕨、针毛新月蕨、东京鳞毛蕨等新记录被发现的地理区系意义;提出分布于中国热带和南亚热带地区的蓝色鳞毛蕨在江西省被发现,更新了其在中国分布的最高纬度记录;提出新记录的发现可为研究该类物种的起源、扩散机制、气候和环境的变化提供参考;提出中国特有种无盖耳蕨同时也为华南地区的蕨类新记录;提出上述新记录的发现进一步丰富了中国大陆、江西省和广东省的蕨类生物多样性,建议当地对各种蕨类新记录,尢其是珍稀濒危蕨类新记录的生境状况、种群和群落特征进一步调查并进行动态监测,必要时采取适当的保护管理措施。

New Data of Fern Flora in Jiangxi and Guangdong,China

During the period of 2021, through the plant investigation in Jiulianshan area, Jiangxi - Guangdong border, the eastern part of Nanling Mountains. 5 plants species are reported as new fern records from Jiangxi province.viz. Pronephrium hirsutum Ching ex Y. X. Lin, Dryopteris polita Rosenst., Antrophyum henryi Hieron., Microlepia obtusiloba Hayata, 5 plants species are reported as new fern records from Guangdong province.viz. Polystichum gymnocarpium Ching ex W. M. Chu & Z. R. He, Dryopteris tokyoensis (Matsum. ex Makino) C. Chr., Dryopteris peninsulae Kitag., Monachosorum flagellare (Maxim. ex Makino) Hayata, Acystopteris japonica (Luerss.) Nakai. Acystopteris Nakai was reported as new fern genus to Guangdong province. Cystopteridaceae Schmakov was reported as new fern family to Guangdong province. Parathelypteris castanea (Tagawa) Ching was reported as new fern record to China Mainland. Of which Dryopteris tokyoensis (Matsum. ex Makino) C. Chr. and Antrophyum henryi Hieron. are listed as endangered species (EN) and vulnerable species (VU) in the “IUCN Red List of Endangered Species”, respectively. The evidence specimens of these new fern records were deposited in the Plant Herbarium of Jiulanshan National Nature Reserve (JNR). The morphological characteristics, collecting places, growing environments, distribution of these new fern records and main morphological differences between them and the related species were described, respectively. The geographical floristic significance of the discovery of Cystopteridaceae Schmakov and Acystopteris Nakai in Guangdong province were discussed. The geographical floristic significance of Pronephrium hirsutum Ching ex Y. X. Lin, D. polita Rosenst., A. henryi Hieron., M. obtusiloba Hayata, Polystichum gymnocarpium, Dryopteris tokyoensis (Matsum. ex Makino) C. Chr., Dryopteris peninsulae Kitag., Monachosorum flagellare (Maxim. ex Makino) Hayata, Parathelypteris castanea (Tagawa) Ching were discussed too. It is suggested that the discovery of D. polita Rosenst. in Jiangxi province renews the record of its highest latitude distribution in China, and that the discovery of the new records can provide a reference for studying the origin and dispersal mechanism of this species as well as climate and environmental changes. It is suggested that P. gymnocarpium ymnocarpiummed thatence for s is endemic to China and is also a new record of ferns in South China. The findings of the new records further enrich the ferns biodiversity in China Mainland, Jiangxi province and Guangdong province, and it is suggested that further investigation and dynamic monitoring should be carried out on the habitats, populations and community characteristics of various new fern records, especially rare and endangered new fern records, and appropriate protection and management measures should be taken when necessary.