油料作物品质相关性状全基因组关联分析研究进展

油料作物是人们日常生活中必不可少的食用油及营养来源之一。随着人们对食用油品质要求的提高，品质性状成为近年来油料作物品种选育的重要育种目标之一。品质性状是一种复杂的数量性状，所以传统育种选育效率低，周期长。然而，基于连锁不平衡原理的全基因组关联分析为挖掘多基因控制的数量性状候选基因提供了新的途径。目前由于其定位精度高、广度大、周期短等优点已经在许多作物上得到了应用。本文对全基因组关联分析在揭示大豆、油菜、花生、芝麻、胡麻、向日葵等几种重要油料作物的含油率、脂肪酸、蛋白质含量等品质相关性状中的研究进行了总结，并对目前研究存在的不足进行了剖析，最后对未来发展趋势进行了展望，旨在为今后利用GWAS解析各种油料作物品质相关性状的遗传基础及选育高品质油料作物材料提供理论依据和参考。

Advances in genome-wide association analysis of quality related traits in oil crops

Oil crops are one of the essential sources of edible oil and nutrition in daily life. With the improvement of quality demand for edible oil, quality traits have become more important for breeding objectives. Traditional breeding efficiency was low and time consuming, thus genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) became more attractive. GWAS based on the principle of linkage imbalance, which provides a new way to mine candidate genes for quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes. It has been used in many crops because of its advantages of high positioning accuracy, wide range and short cycle. In this paper, GWAS was reviewed on oil crops, as soybean, rapeseed, peanut, sesame, flax, sunflower and other several important oil-bearing crops. The quality researches related properties of oil content, fatty acid, and protein content were summarized. Shortcomings of the present research, and future development were also discussed and prospected. The aim is to provide references for analyzing the genetic basis of quality related traits of oil crops and breeding high quality oil crop materials by GWAS.