不同颜色红三叶种子活力的初步研究

不同成熟度的红三叶种子和种皮呈现不同颜色。由于红三叶开花期较长，收获时同一种批中种子的成熟度存在很大的差异。为明确红三叶种子成熟度与种子活力的关系，以红三叶同一种子批中的黄色、黄褐色、褐色以及混色种子为试验材料，进行常温发芽试验、低温发芽试验、干旱发芽试验，检测其萌发指标、种子浸泡液的电导率和紫外吸光值（OD值），综合评价不同成熟度种子的活力差异。结果表明，不同颜色红三叶种子的萌发指标存在显著差异，其中，黄色种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数最高，平均发芽天数最少。同时黄色种子浸泡液的电导率和OD值最小，且显著小于其他颜色种子，回归分析和相关性分析也表明，红三叶种子浸泡液的电导率和OD值与种子活力密切相关。采用模糊隶属函数法对4种颜色的红三叶种子活力进行综合评价，活力由大到小依次为：黄色、褐色、混色、黄褐色种子，试验结果可为红三叶种子的清选加工和适期收获提供参考。

Preliminary Study on Seed Vigor of Red Clover Seeds with Different Colors

Seed coats of red clover (Trifolium pretense) with different maturities show different colors. Due to the long flowering period of red clover, the maturity of seeds in the same batch is quite different at harvest time. In order to clarify the relationship between seed maturity and seed vigor, red clover seeds with yellow (YS), yellow-brown (HS), brown (RS) and mixed-color (MS) in the same seed batch were used as experimental materials. Germination tests at room temperature, low temperature and desiccation were carried out to detect germination indexes of different color seeds dectric conductivity and OD value of seed leachate, and comprehensively evaluate the vigor difference of seeds with different colors. The results showed that there were significant differences in germination indexes of red clover seeds with different colors, among which the germination potential (GP), germination rate (GR) and germination index (GI) of yellow seeds were the highest, and the mean germination days (MGD) were the least. At the same time, the dectric conductivity and OD value of yellow seed leachate were the least, and significantly lower than those of other color seeds. Regression and correlation analysis also showed that the dectric conductivity and OD value of red clover seed leachate were closely related to seed vigor. Fuzzy membership function method was used to comprehensively evaluate seed vigor of red clover with four colors, which showed the order of seed vigor was YS > RS > MS > HS. The present research provided references for the cleaning and processing of red clover seeds and their timely harvest.