垄上深松灭茬起垄机的设计与试验

针对现有深松灭茬机深松灭茬作业效果差、阻力大、功耗大及作业效率低等问题,设计了一种五行垄上深松灭茬起垄机。设计深松铲的结构参数为:长度55mm,宽度22mm,高度600mm,圆弧部分入土竖直距离250mm,纵向距离300mm,入土角22°,切削刃角60°,楔刃高度19mm。设计灭茬刀的结构参数为:正切刃滑切角16°、弯折角112°、切削宽度41 mm、刀端点回转半径350mm、弯曲半径35mm、刀刃口厚度5mm,并安装在刀辊上。同时,设计了前端部下边长560mm、上边长390mm、后端部下边长360mm,上边长260mm、罩体长度650mm的起垄部件,与深松铲、灭茬刀辊组成深松灭茬起垄机。田间性能试验结果表明:相比于行业内标准,所有工况下深松灭茬起垄机深松深度稳定性系数平均提高3.15%、灭茬深度稳定性系数平均提高3.69%、灭茬率平均提高10.58%、碎土率平均提高8.26%,其作业后犁底层土壤容重明显降低,成垄高度和宽度满足农艺要求,作业性能与效果优良。

Design and Experiment of Subsoiler-rotary-ridging Machine on Ridge

When subsoiler-rotary-ridging machine works,there will be some problems,such as bad working effect,high force,high power consumption,low working efficiency and so on.According to these problems,the paper designed a subsoiler-rotary-ridging machine(for 5 ridges).In this study,the parameters of the subsoiler structure are as following:the length is 55mm,the width is 22mm,the height is 600mm,the vertical distance of the buried circular arc part is 250mm,the longitudinal distance is 300mm,the penetration angle is 22°,the sliding-cutting angle is 60°,the height of the wedge blade is 19mm;the parameters of the stubble chopper are as following:the tangential sliding-cutting angle is 16°,the bending angle is 112°,the cutting width is 41mm,the radius of gyration of the extreme point is 350mm,the bending radius is 35mm,the width of the cutting edge is 5mm and it was set on the knife roller;the ridging part was also been designed,the parameters are:the lower side length of the front part is 560mm.the upper side length is 390mm,the lower side length of the back part is 360mm,the upper side length is 260mm,the length of the hood is 650mm.The subsoiler-rotary-ridging machine is right the combination of the ridging part,the subsoiler and the knife roller.The field test showed when the machine worked under the different conditions,compared with the industry standard,the coefficient of stability of the subsoiling depth of the machine increased by 3.15%,the coefficient of stability of the stubble cutting depth increased by 3.69%,the stubble cutting ratio increased by 10.58%and the soil pulverization ratio increased by 8.26%,after the operation,the soil bulk density of the plow pan decreased significantly.The ridging height and the ridging width meet the horticultural requirements.Therefore,the designed subsoiler-rotary-ridging machine has better working effect and performance.