硒肥对谷子产量因子及其籽粒富硒效果的影响

为了指导富硒谷子生产中硒肥的合理使用，探究硒肥对谷子生长及其籽粒硒吸收的影响，对谷子叶面喷施不同浓度（15、30、60、120 g·hm^-2）的有机硒肥（生物富硒增效剂）和无机硒肥（亚硒酸钠），分析不同硒肥对谷子穗部性状、籽粒硒含量、硒存在形态及叶黄素含量的影响。结果表明，叶面喷施两种硒肥均可增加谷子的出谷率和籽粒硒含量，无机硒肥效果优于有机硒肥，喷施60 g·hm^-2的无机硒肥出谷率达9280%，硒含量达1.09 mg·kg^-1。硒形态分析显示，籽粒中的硒主要以硒代胱氨酸和硒代蛋氨酸两种有机形态存在，无机硒肥处理组中两种有机硒的含量均高于有机硒肥处理组。进一步研究发现，两种硒肥对籽粒的叶黄素含量无显著影响。综上认为，无机硒肥亚硒酸钠可作为生产富硒谷子的硒肥，其效果优于有机硒肥。

Influences of Selenium Fertilizer on Millet Yield and Grain Selenium Enrichment

In order to guide the rational use of selenium fertilizer in the production of selenium-enriched millet and to explore the effects of organic selenium fertilizer (bioselenium-enriched synergist) and inorganic selenium fertilizer (sodium selenite) on the growth of millet and selenium absorption in grains, the effects of different selenium fertilizers（15、30、60、120 g·hm^-2） on ear characteristics, grain selenium content, selenium existing form and lutein content of millet were analyzed by spraying different concentrations of organic selenium fertilizer and inorganic selenium fertilizer, sodium selenite, on the leaf surface of millet. The results showed that the leaf spraying of two kinds of selenium fertilizers could increase grain yield and grain selenium content, and the effect of inorganic selenium fertilizer was better than that of organic selenium fertilizer. The millet yield treated with inorganic selenium fertilizer of 60 g·hm^-2 reached to 92.80%, and the selenium content reached to 1.09 mg·kg^-1. The analysis on selenium morphology showed that selenium in millet grain was mainly in the organic form including selenocystine and selenomethionine. The content of organic selenium in the inorganic selenium fertilizer treatment was higher than that in the organic selenium fertilizer one. No significant effect was found of selenium on the lutein content of millet grains. The results showed that, compared with the organic selenium, sodium selenite was a better selenium fertilizer for producing selenium-enriched millet.