不同时期套种绿肥对免耕春小麦光合生理特性及产量的影响

为探明不同时期套种绿肥对免耕春小麦生长发育及产量形成的影响,试验以免耕春小麦不套种草木樨作为对照(CK),分别在春小麦拔节期(T1)、孕穗期(T2)、扬花期(T3)、灌浆期(T4)套种草木樨,研究了不同处理模式下春小麦花后单株叶面积、旗叶叶叶绿本素含量及产量构成因子的变化.结果表明:不同时期套种草木樨后,小麦单株叶面积,旗叶叶片中Chl(a+b)、chla、chlb含量均明显提高,与对照相比,扬花期各处理小麦单株叶面积增加7.18;～13.66;、叶绿素含量提高8.26;～27.20;,不同处理之间T2表现最优;随着小麦叶片的衰老各处理光合指标逐渐下降,CK下降较快.各时期套种草木樨对小麦产量构成因子影响显著,穗数、穗粒数明显增加,依次为T2＞T3＞T4＞T1＞CK,与对照相比,春小麦千粒重增加5.9;～17.1;,T1、T2、T3、T4产量分别增长了11.1;、24.7;、15.9;、12.5;,T2处理产量最高,达5 452.5 kg/hm2,不同处理之间差异显著.

Effect of Intercropping Green Manure in Different Periods on Photosynthetic Physiology and Yield of Spring Wheat with Zero-tillage

The field experiment was conducted to study effect of spring wheat-green manure intercropping in different period on development and yield of wheat with zero-tillage.The leaf area per plant,the flag leaf chlorophyll content after flowering and yield components of spring wheat was investigated.Spring wheat-sweetclover intercropping was monocultured as CK at the jointing stage(T1),booting stage(T2),flowering stage(T3),filling stage(T4),respectively.The results showed that the leaf area per plant,content of Chl(a b),Chla,chlb on flag leaf leaves with wheat-sweetclover intercropping were significantly improved,compared with the control,the leaf area per plant of different intercropping treatment in the flowering stage were increase by 7.18% to 13.66%,and the chlorophyll content were increase by 8.26% to 27.20%,that of T2 was the best among different treatments;the wheat leaf photosynthesis index declined with leaf age,but that of CK declined rapidly;the effect of wheat-sweetclover intercropping on yield components was more significantly,and the number of spike and kernel number increased significantly,followed by T2> T3> T4> T1> CK;the 1000-kernel weight of spring wheat increased by 5.9% to 17.1%,the yield of T1,T2,T3,T4 was more than 11.1%,24.7%,15.9%,12.5% compared with the control,respectively;the highest yield of T2 was 5 452.5 kg/hm2,there were significant differences among treatments.