树皮资源综合利用的途径

树皮资源的潜在利用价值已受到普遍重视。本文主要从化学利用和物理利用两方面综述了国外树皮资源的研究、产品开发和生产发展的现状,介绍了世界上一些森林工业发达国家的树皮综合利用途径和特点,以及我国当前对树皮资源的开发和利用情况。

The Comprehensive Utilization of Barks at Home and Abroad

The barks account for 10-15% of all-tree biomass. It is estimated that there are more than 400 million M³ barks processed by forest industries around the world every year. The rational utilization, therefore, of these economic natural resources plays an active role in the development of forest industries. This paper reviews briefly the methods and properties of comprehensive utilization of barks in foreign countries and presents the achievements and successful experiences of some developed countries in the research and development of barkbased products, such as the stacked fertilizer, soil improver, fodder, matting etc. for agricultural uses and pulp, tannin resin adhesive, wood preservative, wood-bark/all-bark particleboard, the moulded composites, food additive, medicinal, fuel, activated charcoal and scavenger etc. for industrial uses. At the same time, the paper introduces the current status of the exploration and application of barks in China. The investigation shows that a total of 4.5-5.0 million m³ barksare produced in our country annually, but only 1-2% of them are industrially utilized, mainly for extracting some chemicals such as tannin extracts, and other uses including for producing tannin-based wood adhesive, manufacturing wood-bark panels, extracting gum, cultivating mushroom etc. have also been reported on lab level. Refering to the experiences of other countries, the paper analyses and discusses how to enlarge and strengthen the research and development of the abundant unused barks in Ching. Also, it suggests systematically the development orientation which is fit for our country in exploring bark-based products on the basis of comparing the current level of completed wood utilization, social background, technical and economic conditions as well as marketing opportunities between China and other countries. In conclusion, there is a very large potentiality of utilization of barks in China.