新冠肺炎疫情下的日本肉牛产业及支持政策

日本肉牛产业虽然发展成熟,政策体系较为完善,但依然受到了新冠肺炎疫情的严重冲击。一是,日本高端牛肉的国内市场和国际市场恶化,需求骤降,价格暴跌;二是,肉牛育肥、犊牛交易、销售等环节受到影响,生产主体面临成本上涨、资金紧张等多重困境。为稳定产业发展,日本政府和相关组织相继调整了长期支持政策,并针对具体困难出台了多项应急措施,包括鼓励销售商开发新消费群体,提高和牛肉的海外推广资助;降低肉牛育肥经营稳定交付金制度和犊牛生产者补助金制度的补贴门槛,提高补贴标准;同时对生产中的各种费用进行补贴,并调整相关贷款规定,缓解生产者的资金紧张。日本的援助措施形成了全方位的产业稳定体系,很多地方值得深入思考和借鉴。

The impact of COVID-19 to beef cattle industry of Japan and the supporting policies

The beef cattle industry is a relatively mature industry in Japan, which has a strong ability to stabilize in the face of emergencies.However, after the outbreak of COVID-19, it was still severely impacted.First of all, the domestic beef market deteriorated, and consumption and consumer prices dropped significantly, while beef exports dropped significantly, beef stocks are increasing.Secondly, the production such as beef cattle fattening, calf trading and sales are affected, and the operation conditions of the breeding farms are deteriorating, facing various difficulties such as rising costs and capital shortage.The government and organizations have adjusted long-term support policies, and introduced numbers of emergency measures.They have increased subsidies to encourage sales agencies to develop new consumer groups such as schools and hotels, and subsidized overseas beef processing and production institutions.Government subsidizes the cost increase in production, sales, and inventory, and relieves the financial strain to ensure production.Japan ’s long-term support policies and the emergency measures have formed a stability system, and it is worthy of further consideration and reference for China.