南阳城市不同类型绿地的生态调节功能评价

目的]为城市绿地系统的规划和建设提供科学依据。方法]将南阳市区片状绿地按种植结构分为乔-灌-草、乔-草、灌-草、乔木、灌木和草坪6种类型,并定点定时测定绿地中心和对照点的光强、湿度、温度、噪音和空气中细菌数。结果]结果表明,在片状绿地中,除草坪外,其他绿地均具有一定的遮荫效应,不同结构绿地遮荫效应依次为灌木>乔-灌-草>乔-草>灌-草>乔木>草坪;各绿地也有明显的降温效应,降温效应依次为乔-灌-草>乔木>灌木>乔-草>灌-草>草坪;各绿地还有一定的增湿效应,增湿效应依次为乔-草>乔-灌-草>乔木>灌木>灌-草>草坪;各绿地也具有降噪效应,降噪效应依次为乔-灌-草>乔-草>乔木>灌-草>灌木>草坪;各绿地在灭菌方面也有明显的作用,灭菌效应依次为乔-灌-草>乔-草>乔木>灌-草>灌木>草坪。结论]相同种植结构的绿地中复层结构绿地的生态效益均大于单层结构的绿地,以乔-灌-草三维立体型绿地生态功能最佳。

Evaluation of Ecological Functions of Green Land System in Nanyang City

Objective]The aim of this paper was to offer scientific basis for the planning and construction of urban greenland system.Method] Patch green lands in Nanyang City were classified according to the planting structure into arbor+shrub+herb,arbor+herb,shrub+herb,arbor,shrub and lawn.And the bacterial number in air,light intensity,humidity,temperature,noise in greenland center and control point were detected.Result] Result showed that patch green land had certain shade effect expect the lawn.The shade effect of different structures of green land was shrub>arbor+shrub+herb>arbor+herb>shrub+herb>arbor>lawn.And the cooling effect was arbor+shrub+herb>arbor>shrub>arbor+herb>shrub+herb>lawn.The humidifying effect of each green land was in the order of arbor+herb>arbor+shrub+herb>arbor>shrub>shrub+herb>lawn.Their noise reduction effect was arbor+shrub+herb>arbor+herb>arbor>shrub+herb>shrub>lawn.And their sterilization effect was in the order of arbor+shrub+herb>arbor+herb>arbor>shrub+herb>shrub>lawn.Conclusion] Ecological benefit of multilayer structures of green land in the same planting structure was bigger than that of monolayer structure,with three-dimentional type of arbor+shrub+herb being the optimum.