利用RAPD分子标记研究酵母菌的亲缘关系

采用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)分子标记对6个属的21个酵母菌株的基因组DNA的多态性进行了研究,并采用聚类分析法评价它们之间的亲缘关系.研究表明,RAPD能够检测出酵母种内微小的遗传学差异,以其特征谱带作为酵母菌种鉴定的特征标记.聚类分析结果显示,休哈塔假丝酵母与热带假丝酵母之间亲缘较近,遗传距离为0.114,它们与毕赤树干酵母之间遗传距离为0.493;粟酒裂殖酵母与卡斯伯酒香酵母的亲缘关系较近,遗传距离为0.322;嗜单宁管囊酵母与克鲁斯假丝酵母间的亲缘较近,遗传距离为0.383,它们与酿酒酵母间的遗传距离达到0.443,与产朊丝酵母聚类的遗传距离是0.471.除假丝酵母属外,大多数酵母属、种间的分类结果与经典形态学分类结果相符.

ANALYSIS OF POLYGENETIC AFFINITIES AMONG YEAST STRAINS WITH RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHISM DNA ANALYSIS

The genotypic polymorphism and polygenetic affinities of intergenus, interspecies and intraspecies among 21 strains from 6 yeast genus were studied with random amplified polymorphism DNA(RAPD) analysis.The results showed that the mini-differences of intraspecies in genetics could be distinguished and particular electrophoretic bands were selected as characteristic markers in the classification and identification of yeast with RAPD.The genetic distance between Candida shehatae and C.tropicalis was 0.114,and the genetic distance between them and Pichia stipitis reached 0.493.The genetic distance between Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Bettanomyces custersii was 0.322,the genetic distance between Pachysolen tanophilus and C.krusei was 0.383 and the genetic distance between them and Saccharomyces cerevisiae reached 0.443.The genotypic classification of species except Candida seemed to be consis-(tent) with traditional morphological classification.