我国主要草坪草种质资源研究进展

 我国野生草坪草资源十分丰富, 现已利用的草坪植物中, 暖季型草坪草中的狗牙根属(Cynodon Rich. ) 资源普遍分布于黄河以南各地, 在新疆亦有广泛分布; 结缕草属( Zoysia Willd) 资源集中分布于华东及东部沿海地区; 假俭草属( Eremochloa Buse) 资源主要分布于中部以南地区。冷季型草坪草中的早熟禾属( Poa L. ) 植物以西南、东北地区较多; 翦股颖属植物(Agrostis L. ) 在贵州、云南等地蕴藏的种类较多; 羊茅属( Festuca L. ) 植物产于西南、西北、东北地区, 尤以西南分布最多。我国复杂多样的气候、地形、土壤等使我国野生草坪草资源拥有丰富的生态类型和遗传变异特性。本文以评述我国主要草坪草种质资源研究进展为基础, 针对性地提出了草坪草种质资源的研究和利用对策。

Advances in Researches of Turfgrass Germplasm Resources in China

The previous preliminary surveys in the recent 20 years show that turfgrass germplasm resources are abundant existing in China. Many species of foreign introduction can be natively and naturally found in different climatic regions in China. In warm-season turfgrasses, Cynodon spp. extensively distribute in Xinjiang and southern China; and Zoysia spp. grow in northeastern and southwestern China whereas Eremochloa spp. exist in the middle areas. In cool-season turfgrasses, Poa spp. are in northeastern and southwestern China,Agrostis spp. are in Yunnan and Guizhou and Festuca spp. , however, mostly distribute in southwestern and northern China. Moreover, differentiated climate, landform and soil conditions result in rich ecotypes and varieties, which lead to huge potentialities for further development. Based on the analysis of the present research progress, strategies on study and utilization of turfgrass resources are suggested.