人工繁育黔金丝猴幼子行为发育研究

黔金丝猴是中国Ⅰ级保护野生动物,为保护这一濒危物种,2013年4月～2014年4月,在北京动物园对2013年4月出生的1只雄性黔金丝猴的行为发育进行了研究.利用行为取样法和连续记录法记录1周岁内婴猴首次出现的行为和婴猴和父亲玩耍的时间以及与母亲接触的时间.结果表明：2日龄有抓网动作且力度不小,脖子能挺立支撑头部,睁大眼睛转头看东西;11日龄能吸吮伸到嘴边的橙子,14日龄能离开母亲自己爬网,64日龄能真正吞咽食物,3月龄时婴猴的行为已基本完善.3月龄后逐渐出现玩耍、梳理、攻击、警戒等行为.雄婴关系与年龄存在正相关,6月龄后基本稳定.幼子和公猴玩耍时间表明2月龄时开始与父亲有少量接触,以后逐渐增加,到6月龄时增加到13.09％,之后一直到周岁,婴儿被父亲完全接纳.和母猴相处时间为头1个月婴猴主要呆在母亲怀里,到3月龄后与母亲相处时间一直稳定维持在20％ ～ 30％的水平上.

Study on Behavior Development of Captive-Bred Infant of Guizhou Golden Monkey

Guizhou golden monkey is a category I nationally protected species in China. From April 2013 to April 2014, we studied the behavior development of a male Guizhou golden monkey born in April 2013. We recorded behaviors as they appeared for the first time and the time spent by the infant with his father and mother within the first year of age. We used behavior sampling and continuous recording. The golden monkey neonate was able to securely hold onto a net. The neck was strong enough to support and rotate the head after two days. The neonate could suck orange juice after 11 days and could leave its mother and climb a net after 14 days. Swallowing of solid food began at 64 days. Adult-like behavior developed after three months. Play, grooming, attacking and guarding were seen at three months. The adult male-infant relationship was positively related with age and was stable after six months. The infant was fully accepted by the father after one year of age. During the first month, the infant spent all its time with its mother. From the third month the close association of infant and mother remained at 20 -30% of the time budget.