保水剂和灌水对小粒咖啡苗木的节水调控效应

为探讨热带特色作物小粒咖啡的高效节水模式,研究3个保水剂水平(高保、低保和无保)和3个灌水水平(高水、中水和低水)对小粒咖啡苗木生理、生长、干物质及水分利用的影响。结果表明:与无保相比,低保分别提高叶绿素、类胡萝卜素和根系活力11.8%、13.4%和52.2%,而分别降低可溶性糖、丙二醛和脯氨酸24.9%、24.3%和55.8%,同时提高总干物质和水分利用效率31.0%和35.9%;而高保分别降低叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、丙二醛和根系活力3.1%、2.4%、13.5%和6.3%,提高叶片可溶性糖和脯氨酸3.7%和75.1%,降低总干物质21.3%,提高水分利用效率8.6%。与低水相比,中水分别提高总干物质、耗水量和水分利用效率89.8%、44.5%和33.2%,高水分别提高总干物质、耗水量和水分利用效率172.8%、104.8%和34.0%。和无保低水相比,低保中水的水分利用效率增幅最大为112.7%,同时提高总干物质158.9%,分别提高叶片相对含水率、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素和根系活力24.4%、19.5%、25.8%和149.9%,分别降低可溶性糖、丙二醛和脯氨酸38.3%、36.4%和68.7%。从高效节水的角度考虑,低保中水为最适宜的搭配方式。

Effect of Super Absorbent Polymer and Irrigation on Improving Water Use Efficiency of Arabica Coffee Seedling

The object was to explore the efficient water-saving method of arabica coffee seedling, experiment of three levels of super absorbent polymer (SAP), i.e. high SAP (SH), low SAP (SL) and no SAP (SN), and three levels of irrigation, i.e. high water (WH), middle water (WM) and low water (WL), was designed, and the effect of SAP and irrigation on physiology, growth, dry mass accumulation and water consumption of arabica coffee seedling was studied. Results showed that, compared with SN, SL increases chlorophyll (Chl), carotenoid and root activity by 11.8%, 13.4% and 52.2%, but reduces soluble sugar (SS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline(Pro) by 24.9%, 24.3% and 55.8%, and also increases total dry mass and water use efficiency (WUE) by 31.0% and 35.9%, respectively; however, SH reduces Chl, carotenoid, MDA and root activity by 3.1%, 2.4%, 13.5% and 6.3%, and reduces total dry mass by 21.3% as well, but increases SS, MDA and WUE by 3.7%, 75.1% and 8.6%. Compared to WL, WM increases total dry mass, water consumption and WUE by 89.8%, 44.5% and 33.2%, while WH increases total dry mass, water consumption and WUE by 172.8%, 104.8% and 34.0%. Compared to CK (SNWL), SLWM has the largest increase of WUE by 112.7%, and increases total dry mass by 158.9%, as well as leaf relative water content, Chl, carotenoid and root activity by 24.4%, 19.5%, 25.8% and 149.9%, whereas reduces SS, MDA and Pro by 38.3%, 36.4% and 68.7%. Considering high efficiency water saving, SLWM is the optimum experiment combination.