甘蓝型油菜萝卜细胞质雄性不育恢复材料的创制

【目的】探讨外源萝卜恢复基因的导入途径与筛选方法，转育甘蓝型油菜萝卜细胞质雄性不育（Ogu CMS）恢复材料，为甘蓝型油菜Ogu CMS育种应用创造条件。【方法】以萝-蓝（Raphanobrassica，2n=58）为供体材料，利用嫁接克服远缘杂交生殖障碍导入外源恢复基因，对获得的属间杂种依次进行甘蓝型油菜性状、自（异）交结实性状以及恢复率稳定性状等特征特性强化筛选。【结果】育成一份甘蓝型油菜Ogu CMS纯合恢复材料CLR650，体细胞染色体数目为38-40条，减数分裂过程中部分细胞存在染色体落后及形成染色体桥等异常现象，但细胞异常对花粉正常形成没有明显影响，恢复株自交、测交均为100%可育。以基于Ogu CMS恢复基因（Rf0）设计的特异分子标记进行检测，证明该材料存在Ogu CMS恢复基因。以与之连锁其它萝卜分子标记分析比较，表明其萝卜片段长度短于国外同类恢复系R113。【结论】CLR650的育成为甘蓝型油菜Ogu CMS创制了新型恢复材料。

Creative Process of a New Restorer Material with Ogu CMS in Brassica nupus

【Objective】 The objective of this study was to explore the radish restore gene transferring and the stable restorer line screening for Ogu CMS in rapeseed.【Method】 The Raphanobrassica(2n=58) as the restoring gene donor and grafting as the restoring gene importing tool was used to obtain the hybrid of Ogu CMS in B.napus.And the stable restoring materials were bred through selection of the seed setting rate in single plant and the restoring ratio in populations from every selfing and backcross generations.Also the selected materials were detected by the cytological observation and the molecular marker screening.【Result】 With the high strength selection,a stable homozygous restoring line named as CLR650 of Ogu CMS in B.napus was selected.This line can restore the male fertility in both progenies of self-pollination and testcross at a rate of 100%.Although it’s somatic chromosome numbers were in 2n= 38 to 40 and some abnormal phenomena such as chromosome bridge and lagged chromosomes in meiosis were observed,the pollens still could be normally formed without the influence on the normal seed setting.It was proved that the Ogu CMS restoring gene existed in CLR650 and the length of radish fragment was shorter than the Ogu CMS restoring line R113 by detecting the molecular markers which closely linked with radish restoring gene(Rf0).【Conclusion】 The restoring line CLR650 could be a new restoring type for the Ogu CMS in B.napus.