节水灌溉的作物需水量试验研究

对节水灌溉条件下的冬小麦、夏玉米、棉花和水稻需水量进行试验研究 ,结果表明 ,节水灌溉模式对作物需水量变化产生较大影响。与浅水灌溉模式相比 ,控制灌溉模式的水稻需水量减少 3 4.6% ,覆膜旱作节水模式的水稻需水量减少 3 9.94%。采用节水灌溉模式后 ,冬小麦需水量减少 1 0 %左右 ,夏玉米需水量减少1 3 % ,棉花需水量减少 3 0 %。因此 ,对大田农作物进行高效节水灌溉 ,能在获得高产 (增产 )的前提下 ,较大幅度地减少作物的蒸发蒸腾量 ,其中无效蒸腾量的减少成为主要因素之一

Experimental Research on Crop Water Requirement under Water-saving Irrigation

Research results of crop water requirement are important basis for planning, designing, managing and operating of water saving irrigation projects, and also essential parameters for distributing reasonably water resources and constructing agricultural economic system. Several experiments were carried out to investigate water requirements of winter wheat, summer corn, cotton and paddy rice under water saving irrigation. Results show that water saving irrigation models greatly affects crop water requirements. Compared with shallow water layer irrigation model, water requirement of paddy rice under water saving irrigation will decreased by 34.60%, and water requirement of dry seeded rice with plastic film mulch will reduced by 39.94%. With using water saving irrigation model, waterrequirement is reduced 10% for winter wheat, 13% for summer corn and 30% for cotton respectively. Therefore, A high efficient and water saving irrigation model may reduced crop evapotranspiration obviously and maintain a high yield at same time.