六盘山自然保护区鸟类群落时空变化

为了解宁夏六盘山国家级自然保护区鸟类群落的动态变化，于2011年3月至2012年3月，采用样带法和样点法对该区4种生境中的鸟类分布状况进行了调查。共获得88种鸟类，其中留鸟49种，夏候鸟29种，旅鸟9种，冬候鸟1种。春季鸟类多样性指数最高，冬季最低。各生境的鸟类群落结构季节性变化明显，不同生境中鸟类群落结构也有较大差异，其优势种不同，而且在不同季节也有变化。从全年不同生境中鸟类分布情况来看，乔木林生境中鸟类分布最少，仅29种，农田-居民区生境中分布35种，灌木林中分布40种，水域沼泽生境中分布最多，有43种鸟类在其分布。

Spatiotemporal Variation of Avian Communities in the Liupan Mountain Nature Reserve

The bird surveys were carried out with the methods of fixed sample plots and line transects in the Liupan Mountain Nature Reserve, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China during the period from May 2011 to May 2012. The bird community structure and its seasonal dynamic change in 4 typical habitats were investigated. In the survey area 88 bird species were recorded totally, including 49 residents, 29 summer migrants and 9 passing migrants. In which there were 20 palaearctic species and accounted for 22.73% of the total bird species, 6 oriental species and accounted for 7.82%, and also 62 dispersed bird species and accounted for 70.45%. The analyzed results revealed that the bird community diversity index was the highest in spring but the lowest in winter, the bird community structure in all the habitats was seasonal, the difference between the 4 habitats was significant, and the dominant species varied across the habitats and were seasonal. Totally, there were 29 bird species distributed in the arbors, 35 bird species in the farmland villages, 40 bird species in the bushes, and 43 bird species were investigated in the waters and marshes.