小麦灌浆期不渍和高温对植株早衰和籽粒增重的影响

用3种土壤湿度、2种空气温度研究了10个小麦品种对灌浆期水渍和高温的反应。结果表明，在湿和热二种因素中，湿害对叶片枯衰、穗部失水和百粒重降低影响甚大，而高温的影响相对较小，湿热互作效应显著。小麦品种对高温水渍处理的反应也有时显差异，这种差异主要是由品种间耐湿性不同造成的，品种间耐热性差异也有关系，但品种

Effect of Waterlogging and High Temperature on Plant Senescence and Kernel Weight of Wheat during the Grain-Filling Stage

Influence of waterlogging and high temperature on 10 wheat cultivars during the grain - filling stage was studied under 3 soil moisture status .(the control, 15cm water table under ground, and flooding to soil surface for 10 days) and 2 air temperature (27. 6 C max. and 32. 2 C max. for 5 days) regimes in 1991.Results showed that waterlogging had a great effect on the number of green leaves, content of chlorophylls in top leaves, ear dehydration and dry matter accumulation in grains. Comparing with the effect of waterlogging, effect of high temperature was relatively small. However, interactive effect between soil moisture status and temperature was highly significant in all investigated traits except for 100-kernel weight. It suggested that waterlogging was the main factor in inducing forced maturity while high temperature could be taken as an accelerator to intensify plant senescence in over-wetted environments.Results also showed that wheat cultivars differed greatly in response to wet-heat treatments. The different responses were mainly due to the dissimilarity in waterlogging tolerance and secondly to that in heat tolerance,although varietal response to the interactive effect of soil moisture status and air temperature was basically similar. Therefore, adapted genotypes in wet-heat environments could be exploited by screening for waterlogging tolerance and for heat tolerance, independently.