鸡GDF-5基因外显子1多态性与鸡骨骼发育性状的相关研究

根据GenBank发表的鸡GDF-5基因的mRNA序列设计引物，以白耳鸡和东北农业大学选育的肉鸡高、低腹脂系第8世代鸡群为试验材料，通过测序和PCR-SSCP的方法进行SNP检测和基因型分析，探讨GDF5基因多态性与鸡生长和骨骼发育性状之间的关系。结果发现在GDF-5基因外显子1的84bp处存在1个C／T的突变位点，对该突变位点在研究群体中进行基因型分析，结果产生3种基因型，AA型个体的基因序列和GenBank（Accession No：AF123389）中的一致为C，而BB型个体的基因序列在84bp处突变为T。基因型与鸡体组成性状的统计分析结果表明，AA基因型个体的跖骨围显著高于AB基因型个体（P〈0．05）；AA基因型和AB基因型个体的跖爪重和跖爪率显著高于BB基因型个体（P〈0．05）；AB基因型个体的股骨长和股骨重显著高于BB基因型个体（P＜0．05）；表明该基因对鸡的骨骼性状有较大的影响或与控制骨骼发育性状的主效基因相连锁。

Correlation Analysis between Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of the GDF-5 Gene Exon 1 and Skeletogenesis Traits in Chicken

In present study,a pair of primer was designed according to the mRNA sequence of chicken GDF-5 gene that offered by GenBank(Accession No: AF123389).The eighth generation population of NEAU broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat were used.Body weight and body composition traits were measured in the population.SNPs among individuals were detected by DNA sequencing,and PCR-SSCP method was then developed to screen the population.A C/T mutation at the position of the 84 bp of GDF-5 gene exon 1 was found,and three genotypes were detected in the population,the sequence of AA genotype was consistent with the GenBank(Accession No: AF123389),that is C,while the BB genotype is T.The correlation analysis between the C84T polymorphism of the GDF5 gene exon1 and traits was carried out using the appropriate statistic model.The least square analysis showed that the AA birds had significant metatarsus circle than AB birds(P<0.05),the metatarsus claw weight and metatarsus claw percentage of the AA and AB birds were much higher than that of BB birds(P<0.05),the femur length and weight of the AB birds were much longer and heavier than that of the BB birds(P<0.05).It implied that GDF-5 gene could be a candidate locus or linked to a major gene to significantly affect growth and skeletogenesis traits in chicken.