水稻机械移栽与化学除草一体化技术初探

水稻田化学除草的有效方法是土壤封闭处理，在水稻移栽时，由于劳动力紧张，农民往往不能及时进行土壤封闭处理，因此错过杂草的最适防治期，造成杂草泛滥。为了解决水稻栽插与化学除草争劳力的矛盾，2013年江苏省张家港市植保植检站与德国拜耳公司合作，对其提供的机插与化除一体机进行除草试验。最终结果表明，机插与化除同步防除杂草的效果十分明显：株防效在药后45d达93．2％，药后60d达93．5％；药后60d的鲜质量防效达到91．8％，且株防效和鲜质量防效均与张家港地区常规土壤封闭处理（移栽后3d进行化学防除）和茎叶处理（移栽后12d进行化学防除）相仿。

Preliminary evaluation of an Integrated Technology for Mechanical Rice- Seedling Transplanting and Chemical Weeding

The most effective method of chemical weeding in rice is the application of a preemergence herbicide after rice transplanting, but farmers often fail to do it because of labor shortages thus missing the optimum timing for weed control, which leads to serious weeds infestations. To cope with the labor scarcity for rice transplanting and initial chemical weed control,the Crop Protection Station of Zhangjiagang City cooperated with Bayer Corporation of Germany in 2013, in order to test an integrated machine for weeding and transplanting. This machine provided excellent weed control of 93% and 94% of the stand at 45 and 60 days after treatment （ DAT）, respectively; while the control based on weed fresh weight reached 92% at 60 DAT. Control based on either stand or fresh weight reduction was similar to that obtained locally by a conventional preemergence treatment （herbicide applied 3 days after transplanting） and foliar treatment （ in postemergence at 12 days after transplanting）.