On-farm seed priming for barley on normal,saline and saline–sodic soils in North West Frontier Province,Pakistan |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Soil Science, North West Frontier Province Agricultural University, Peshawar, Pakistan;2. CAZS Natural Resources, University of Wales, Thoday Building, Deiniol Road, Bangor LL57 2UW, Wales, UK;1. Division of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research − Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat- 364002, India;2. Analytical Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research − Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat- 364002, India;1. Research Institute of Science and Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates;2. International Center for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA), P.O. Box 14660, Dubai, United Arab Emirates;3. Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain;1. Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia;2. International Center for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA), P.O.Box 14660, Dubai, United Arab Emirates;1. Department of Plant Biology & Soil Science, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain;2. Research Institute of Science and Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates;3. International Center for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA), Dubai, United Arab Emirates;4. United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;5. Department of Agricultural Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Türkiye;6. Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;7. Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany;8. Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;9. Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;10. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Bisha, P.O. Box 551, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia |
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| Abstract: | “On-farm” seed priming (soaking seeds in water prior to sowing) has been shown effective in producing earlier germination, better establishment and increased yields in a range of crops in many diverse environments. We carried out microplot, on-station and on-farm field experiments and participatory trials in several environments, including saline, saline–sodic and normal (non-saline, non-sodic) soils, in the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) of Pakistan over a number of years to assess the effect of priming on barley yields. In general, priming was found to increase yields of both grain and straw (an important product in NWFP agriculture). Grain yield increases due to priming were up to 53% in the participatory trials. Optimum duration of priming was between 12 and 16 h, and the response to priming was better in low potential environments than under better conditions. Priming was also more advantageous on saline–sodic than on saline soils, possibly as a result of the water content of the soil. It was concluded that “on-farm” priming of barley could be recommended to farmers in NWFP and in similar environments in other parts of the world who produce barley both for grain and for fodder. |
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