海洋石油降解菌株选育及组合降解优化

[目的]研究海洋石油降解菌株的选育及组合降解优化。[方法]从唐山市曹妃店港区石油污染海水中筛选得到3种菌株，分别为芽孢杆菌属、鞘氨醇杆菌属和假单胞菌属，并命名为B1、S1和P1，对其进行紫外诱变和组合降解优化试验，分别测定降解效率。[结果]菌株B1、S1和P1经10d降解的降解率分别为63．89％、67．33％和67．25％；对其进行紫外诱变，得到诱变菌株yB1、yS1和yP1，其降解率分别为70．34％、77．05％和72．81％，均比诱变前有所提高；yS1与vP1、vB1与vP1、yB1与yS1等比例组成的混合菌群的降解率分别为78．21％、73．65％和72．23％。yS1与产生物表面活性剂的菌株yPa1混合，其降解率达到了81．45％。[结论]利用各菌株的优势互补可构建出降解能力高、能对石油烃进行全面降解的优势混合菌群。

Breeding and Combined Degradation Optimization of Petroleum Degradation Strain from Marine

[Objective] The aim was to study breeding and combined degradation optimization of petroleum degradation strain from marine.[Method] Three strains were screened from the petroleum-polluted seawater in Caofeidian harbor in Tangshan City,which were Bacillus,Sphingobacterium and Pseudomonas and named asy B1,S1 and P1.They were tested for UV-induced mutation and combined degradation optimization and their degradation efficiency were measured resp.[Result] After degradation for 10 d,the degradation rates of B1,S1 and P1 were 63.89%,67.33%,and 67.25% resp.,After UV-induced mutation,3 mutation strains were obtained as yB1,yS1 and yP1,whose degradation rate were 70.34%,77.05% and 72.81% resp.,and were increased when comparing with that before UV-induced mutation.The mixed bacteria of yS1 and yP1,yB1 and yP1,yB1 and yS1 composed by same proportion had their degradation rates of 78.21%,73.65% and 72.23%.When yS1 was mixed with the strain yPa1 that could produce surfactant,its degradation rate was 81.45%.[Conclusion] With the help of the dominance complementation of each strain,the dominance mixed bacteria with high degradation of capacity and comprehensive degradation on petroleum hydrocarbons could be built.