数字乡村建设能促进农户增收吗?

数字乡村建设的战略目标在于全面实现农业强、农村美、农民富。基于2019年中国县域数字乡村指数和2019年中国家庭金融调查数据,利用多层次模型和中介效应模型实证分析数字乡村建设对农户收入的影响及其作用机制。结果表明,数字乡村建设对农户增收具有显著的促进作用,数字乡村建设得越好,农户收入越高。中介效应检验结果表明,数字乡村建设可以通过推动农户非农就业、提高农户数字素养进而促进农户增收。异质性分析表明,数字乡村建设对农户增收的影响存在明显的地区差异性和受教育程度差异性;相较于中西部地区和低学历农户家庭,数字乡村建设对东部地区和高学历农户家庭的增收效应更显著。为此,政府应持续加强和协调数字乡村建设与发展,着力构建面向农村的数字技术推广体系,切实让农民享受到“数字红利”,促进农民持续增收,全面推进乡村振兴。

Can Digital Rural Construction Boost Farmers’ Incomes?

The strategic goal of digital rural construction lies in the comprehensive realization of advanced agriculture, beautiful countryside and rich farmers. Based on the 2019 China County Digital Rural Index and the 2019 China Household Finance Survey data, this paper empirically analyses the impact of digital rural construction on the income of farm households and its mechanism by using a multilevel model and mediation effect model. The results show that: first, digital rural construction has a significant role in promoting the income of farm households, and the better the digital rural construction, the higher the income of farm households; Second, the results of the mediation effect test show that digital village construction can promote the income of farm households by promoting their non-agricultural employment and improving their digital literacy; Thirdly, the heterogeneity analysis shows that there are obvious regional differences and differences in education levels in the impact of digital rural construction on the increase in farm households’ income, and the effect of digital rural construction on farm households with high education levels and farm households in the eastern region is more significant than that in the central and western regions and low-education farm households. Therefore, the government should continue to strengthen and coordinate the digital rural construction and development, build a digital technology promotion system for rural areas, so as to let farmers enjoy the "digital dividend", promote farmers’ sustainable income growth, and comprehensively advance rural revitalization.