台州发现2种新的甘薯病害

为明确甘薯基部腐烂病害的病原菌与发病原因,2015—2017年开展甘薯病害调查取样、病原菌鉴定与防治试验。结果表明：台州甘薯基部腐烂病主要由甘薯茎腐病菌( Dickeya dadantii)与甘薯基腐病菌(Phomopsis destruens)等复合侵染引起。简述了2种病害的分布情况、症状识别、病原菌形态、入侵途径及病害发生特点,提出了加强植物检疫、建立健康种苗制度、水旱轮作和薯田淹水、清洁田园和化学药剂预防等防控措施,以及从保障国家粮食安全的战略高度,加大经费投入,开展甘薯主要病虫抗性基因筛选、培育抗性品种和新入侵病害致病成因研究等建议。

Prevention and Control of Two Newly-Invasive Diseases of Sweet Potato

The foot rot disease (FRD) on sweet potato is a newly discovered one. A study was carried out to identify the pathogenic bacteria leading to FRD on sweet potato. This study involved the pathogenic bacteria identification, occurrence regularity investigation, as well as the control tests over a period from 2015 to 2017. Results obtained showed that FRD on sweet potato grown in Taizhou was attributable to the intrusive infection of two species: stem rot bacteria (Dickeya dadantii) and foot rot bacteria (Phomopsis destruens). Also, the distribution, symptom identification, pathogen morphology, invasion path and occurring characteristics of the two diseases were observed and investigated in detail. Some measures were put forward, which included strengthening plant quarantine, establishing seedling system, conducting paddy and drought rotation in field, flooding sweet potato field, farmland cleanliness and chemical prevention. In addition, it was suggested to increase the economic support, carry out the selection of resistance genes in pathogens, cultivate resistant group, and explore the causes of new invasive diseases. Hopefully, all these suggestions could provide a reference for controlling the two sweet potato diseases effectively.