基于USLE的水土流失敏感性时空演变——以阜平县为例

以土壤侵蚀方程(USLE)为理论基础，选取影响因子构建指标体系。借助ArcGIS平台评价2000年、2010年、2020年的阜平县水土流失敏感性，并利用危险性指数来表征敏感性大小，从而探究阜平县水土流失敏感性时空演变规律，对生态发展具有重要影响。研究结果如下：降雨侵蚀力与植被覆盖度是影响水土流失敏感性分布的主导因素；2000年至2020年研究区域的敏感性呈现先下降后上升的趋势，其危险性指数依次为4.37、3.64、4.28;阜平县水土流失敏感性变化最强烈的地方为史家寨乡，其次是夏庄乡、砂窝乡，危险性指数依次为5.42、4.87、4.52,平阳镇危险性指数最小为1.48。

Temporal and spatial evolution of soil erosion sensitivity based on Universal Soil Loss Equation-Taking the Fuping County as an example

Universal Soil Loss Equation(USLE) was used as the theoretical basis, and the influence factors were selected to construct the index system. With the help of ArcGIS platform to evaluate the erosion sensitivity of Fuping County in 2000, 2010 and 2020, and used the hazard index to characterize the sensitivity size, so as to explore the spatial and temporal evolution pattern of erosion sensitivity in Fuping County, which had important influence on ecological development. The results of the study were as follows: Rainfall erosion force and vegetation cover were the dominant factors affecting the distribution of erosion sensitivity; From 2000 to 2020, the sensitivity of the study area showed a decreasing trend followed by an increasing trend, the risk index was 4.37, 3.64 and 4.28 in order; The strongest changes in erosion sensitivity in Fuping County were in Shijiazhai Township, followed by Xiazhuang Township and Shawo Township, with the risk index was 5.42, 4.87 and 4.52, and the smallest risk index was 1.48 in Pingyang Township.