生态种养模式对稻田水足迹的影响

以江苏省淮安市涟水县传统稻田、稻虾生态种养田为研究对象,提出了稻田生态种养水足迹核算方法,测算分析了不同种养模式在不同阶段的供、用、排水量,耗水规律和水足迹.研究结果表明:研究区不同种养模式下水稻的灌溉定额、生产水足迹及其组成足迹均存在差异;稻虾生态种养灌溉定额为24 922.95 m³/ha,是传统水稻灌溉定额的5.75倍;水稻生产水足迹为19.9 m³/kg,高于传统水稻生产水足迹11.9 m³/kg;传统水稻的绿水生产水足迹相比最高,而稻虾生态种养的灰水生产足迹最高,且高于绿水和蓝水生产水足迹;从水足迹角度,研究区稻虾生态种养模式的用水效率不高,应针对不同用水环节采取适宜的节水减排策略.

Effect of ecological cultivation pattern on water footprint of paddy field

A water footprint accounting method for the rice-crayfish coculture field, located in Lianshui County of Huai′an City, Jiangsu Province was developed. An integrated view between the water consumption patterns and the blue, green and grey water footprints for the different cultivation patterns at different stages were provided. The results show that there are differences in the irrigation quota, unit production water footprint and the compositions of rice under different patterns. The irrigation quota for the rice-shrimp ecological cultivation is 24 922.95 m³/ha, which is 5.75 times for the traditional rice cultivation. The water footprint of rice production is 19.9 m³/kg for the former, much higher than 11.9 m³/kg for the latter. The green water footprint is the highest in the compositions of production water footprint for the traditional rice. For the rice-shrimp ecological cultivation, the gray water footprint is the highest, far higher than the green and blue water footprint. From the perspective of water footprint, the water use efficiency for the rice-shrimp ecological cultivation in the study areas can be improved though water-saving and emission reduction strategies.