“一带一路”倡议对中国与沿线国家科技合作的影响

为探讨“一带一路”倡议对双方科技合作带来的影响,以InCites数据库的论文为对象,比较中国与沿线国家在2011年—2014年和2015年—2018年两个时间段内合作论文的变化。研究发现：合作论文数量快速增长,质量不断提高;绝大部分学科合作得到加强,农业科学等非优势学科提升更快;近2/3国家的合作强度得到加强,论文大国的合作强度优势明显;东盟是最主要合作地区,中东亚合作最少,西亚增幅最快,南亚几无进步;合作论文数前5名的合作大国与中国合作论文增量大,比倡议前增加了2 600~5 600篇,合作论文数在数百篇到2 000篇之间且国内形势稳定的国家与中国合作论文增幅快,是倡议前的2~3倍,而欠发达、国内形势不稳定国家合作论文增量少和增幅慢。在“一带一路”倡议合作中,需要针对地域、国家和学科的特点,采取不同措施加强科技合作。

Study the Effect of the One Belt and One Road Initiative on Science and Technology Cooperation between China and Countries in One Belt and One Road Area,Based on the Co-Authored Papers

To evaluate the effect of the One Belt and One Road initiative on Science and Technology Cooperation of both sides, papers in Incites data in 2011-2018 was used to analyze the characteristic of papers co-authored by China and Countries in the One Belt and One Road Area, and focused on the 4 year period change around 2015. The results showed that: (1) numbers of co-authored papers increased quickly, and the quality rose steadily; (2) In most fields, papers produced by both sides had a bigger increase than papers produced by one side, and non-preponderant fields, such as agriculture science, had a rapid growth; (3) Cooperation was strengthened between China and nearly 2/3 countries among all One Belt and One Road countries. Furthermore, the paper producing countries made more co-authored papers with China; (4) The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was the main cooperation area, while Central East Asia gave the least cooperation; (5) West Asia made the most growth on co-authored papers, while South Asia had no increase; (6) Paper producing countries had the most incremental quantity on co-authored papers, the middle-sized-paper-product countries had the fastest growth, while the undeveloped countries had the slowest increase on both increment and growth. Consequently, according to this analysis, different methods are necessary to strengthen science and technology cooperation between different countries when implementing the One Belt and One Road initiative.