松脂二烯在植物叶片表面的成膜性能

为明确松脂二烯 (pinolene) 提高农药田间防效的机理，研究了其在植物叶片表面的成膜性能。以红叶石楠和山核桃为试材，分别将3%噻虫啉微囊悬浮剂和2%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐微乳剂与松脂二烯桶混后喷施到植物叶片上，通过电镜及光合测定仪，观测了松脂二烯对农药药液在叶片表面的成膜形态及其对光合作用的影响；通过人工模拟降雨和氙灯光照，研究了松脂二烯抗雨水冲刷能力和抗光解能力。结果表明:添加松脂二烯的农药颗粒表面均有一层明显的油状包被。在不同雨水冲刷时间段，添加松脂二烯的噻虫啉处理组植物叶片上的农药保持量均显著高于对照组；松脂二烯和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐混用，能显著降低甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐的光分解速率；松脂二烯叶片成膜致其光合速率下降5.16%，但与对照无显著差异。本研究结果表明，松脂二烯和农药混用，可增加农药有效成分在植物叶片上的成膜性，且对植物光合作用影响较小，可有效减少农药受雨水冲刷损失和光解速率，延长农药持效期。

Film-forming properties of pinolene on leaf surface

In order to clarify the mechanism of pinolene and improve the control effect of pesticides in the field, the film-forming properties of pinolene on leaves were investigated. Pinolene was added to 3% thiacridacin microcapsule suspension and 2% emamectin benzoate microemulsion, respectively. And the mixtures were sprayed on leaf of Photinia×fraseri Dress. and Carya cathayensis Sarg. Influences of pinolene on the leaf surface morphology and photosynthetic characteristics were detected by electron microscopy and photosynthesis system. Rainfastness and anti-photolysis capacity of pinolene were studied by artificial stimulation of rainfall and xenon lamp. The results showed that there was a clear coating of oil on the surface of the drug particles in the pinolene-treated group. In the rainfastness test, the residue of thiacloprid in the pinolene-treated group on the leaves was significantly higher than that in the control group during different periods. Using pinolene with emamectin benzoate can significantly reduce the photolysis rate of emamectin benzoate. The photosynthetic rate decreased by 5.16% due to film-forming of pinolene on the leaves, which was not significantly different from the control group. The addition of pinolene in pesticides can immobilize the active ingredients on the leaves of the plants, effectively improve the rainfastness, reduce the photolysis rate of the pesticides and extend the pesticide holding period. While it has little effect on the photosynthesis of the plants.