草海流域3种优势树种凋落物叶分解历程中的水文特征

采用凋落物分解网袋法对草海湿地流域森林优势植物青冈（Cyclobalanopsisglauca）、桤木（Alnus cremastogyne）和云南松（Pinus yunnanensis）凋落物叶分解特性展开研究，揭示凋落物叶分解过程中自然持水率、最大持水率、最大拦蓄率、有效拦蓄率及凋落物持水率规律等。结果表明:（1）凋落物叶自然持水率随分解时间的增加呈先增后降趋势。凋落物叶自然持水率在分解历程中存在极显著性差异（青冈:F=213.79，P < 0.01；桤木:F=77.53，P < 0.01；云南松:F=179.12，P < 0.01）。（2）凋落物叶持水率（R_t）与浸水时间（t）呈显著正相关关系（P < 0.05），回归分析得到凋落物叶持水率（R_t）与浸水时间（t）符合对数函数方程R_t=a+blnt；凋落物叶持水速率（v）与浸水时间（t）呈显著负相关关系（P < 0.05），持水速率（v）与浸水时间（t）符合幂函数方程v=at^-b。（3）凋落物叶最大拦蓄率、有效拦蓄率随分解时间的推移，呈逐渐增加趋势。

Research for Leaf-Litter Hydrographic Effect in the Decomposition Process of Three Dominant Tree Species in the Caohai Wetland Watershed

The method of leaf litter decomposition bag was used to study natural water-holding rate, maximum water holding rate, maximum interception rate，modified interception rate & holding water trait etc of leaf litter in decomposition process, dominant plant species Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Alnus cremastogyne & Pinus yunnanensi in Caohai wetland watershed forest were selected as the research examples. The result showed that: (1) the leaf litter natural water-holding rate first increased and then decreased with the decomposition time extension. The leaf litter lnatural water-holding rate was highly significantly different in the decomposition process; (2) the leaf litter water-holding rate (R_t) & immersion time (t) showed a significant positive correlation, the regression analysis for leaf litter water-holding rate (R_t) & immersion time (t) followed the function equation R_t=a+blnt. The leaf litter water absorption rate (v) & immersion time (t) showed a significantly negative correlation, the regression analysis for the leaf litter’s water absorption rate (v) vs immersion time (t) can be described by the equation, v= at^-b; (3) the leaf litter maximum interception rate，modified interception rate gradually increased with the decomposition time duration.