丁香杀螨活性成分的追踪分离纯化与结构鉴定

采用部位提取、硅胶柱层析分离和薄层层析纯化,经体外杀灭家兔痒螨的活性检测,对丁香(Eu鄄geniacaryophyllataThunb)花蕾中的高效杀螨活性成分进行了追踪分离纯化,并进一步经理化性质、紫外光谱和红外光谱分析及与对照品活性比较进行结构鉴定。结果表明,丁香的高效杀螨活性成分主要存在于石油醚部位提取物中,其50%浓度体外杀死全部供试螨的平均时间为20min,柱层析和薄层层析分离纯化得到一种黄色油状化合物III,其50%浓度体外杀死全部供试螨的平均时间仅12min,化合物III的理化性质、紫外光谱、红外光谱及杀螨活性与丁香酚对照品完全一致,丁香酚为丁香的高效杀螨活性成分。

Tracing, Isolation, Purification and Identification of Compound with Acaricidal Activity in Eugenia Caryophyllata

The compound with high acaricidal activity in the bud of Eugenia caryophyllata was extracted, isolated and purified by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography and thin layer chromatography as well as the bioactivity was detected by killing P.communis cuniculi in vitro. Then its chemical structure was identified by physicochemical property, analysis of UV and IR, and the activity compared with reference substance. The results showed that the extract of petroleum ether was the highly active acaricidal site of Eugenia caryophyllata and the mean time for it to kill all experimental mites was about 20min. Then a kind of yellow oily purified substance III was isolated and purified from it, which could kill all experimental mites at a mean time of only 12min. The substance III was identified as eugenol by physicochemical property, UV, IR and activity copmaried with eugenol. Eugenol is a highly active acaricidal component in Eugenia caryophyllata.